The reply is divided into three sections discussing the data on derivations that Zaitchik had cited against the author's theory, some minor points on the internal structure of the theory, and two major points about explicitness. (SC)

DESIGNED FOR LINGUISTS AND LEXICOGRAPHERS, THE COLLECT SYSTEM CAN ANALYZE THE SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS OF RUSSIAN SENTENCES BY SEARCHING A FILE OF RUSSIAN TEXT. IN A TYPICAL SEARCH ON A GIVEN SENTENCE, GRAMMATICAL RELATIONSHIPS, INDIVIDUAL WORD SPELLINGS, AND WORD OCCURRENCES CAN BE DETERMINED. SINCE THE SYSTEM INCLUDES INTERPRETERS, THE LINGUIST CAN…

Three groups of 20 subjects received two exposures of a list of ten sentences followed by an immediate written recall test. The sentences varied in syntactic complexity from group to group, but the sentences for the three groups were similar in semantic content. The effect of sentence complexity upon recall performance was not found to be…

This study examined the feasibility of one method of investigating the development of children's implicit awareness of syntactic patterns. An enriched version of the free association format was used to test 32 subjects. The principal variables of interest were the subject's grade level, and the syntactic pattern and meaningfulness of the semantic…

The game "Giant Steps" was described. It was designed to aid children in the semantic development of verbs. The purpose of the experimental evaluation was to determine whether playing the game actually did influence the associative structure of those verbs and adverbs that are "guessed" words in the game. Third graders from two classrooms in an…

A formal grammatical system is described in which the lexicon plays a central role. A distinguishing feature of this system is its departure from the priniciple of monocategorial lexical attachment, that is, it permits many-one translations by the lexical attachment component from syntactic categories to morphemes. In this system the underlying…

This study was designed to investigate children's ability to use semantic syntax in connection with two types of meanings of polysemantic words. One hundred fourth graders ranked the familiarity of multiple definitions of 60 words given in a semantic survey. Those 34 words found to have common meanings or obscure meanings were used to construct a…

While the prenominal or postnominal position of descriptive adjectives in Spanish has been widely discussed, there is a partial aspect of this topic which is either ignored or dealt with in a perfunctory manner, namely, the possible existence of a semantic principle determining the sequence of descriptive adjectives in coordinate series of two or…

The inadequacy of the use of the linguist's introspective judgments of meaning and grammaticality as a basis for language studies in syntax and semantics is described, as is the need for improved methods. The evaluation of alternative methodologies by replication experiments is explored. (Author/RM)

Discusses the principles of linguistic deviance in terms of five sets of rules and their corresponding linguistic or para-linguistic parameters. This theoretical framework relates assimilation, grammatical, lexical, referential, and reality rules to the parameters of acceptability, grammaticality, factuality, validity, and truth respectively. (EJS)

An editorialized report of data accumulated in a study of current American practice in the treatment of problems of usage in general purpose dictionaries. Their descriptive objectivity is characterized as "that of the blind men examining the elephant." Such practices reveal little change from that of Samuel Johnson's 1755 English…

Argues that the nonfuture use of "will" has exactly the same semantic structure as the future "will," and that the basic meaning of "will" is potential rather than future. (Author/HP)

Presents some examples of differences of meaning, as well as "secondary effects," in noun phrases using or omitting the articles, definite and indefinite, in German, e.g.: "Die Kinder machen Krach,""Die Kinder machen den Krach," and "Die Kinder machen einen Krach!" The question is seen as needing much more research. (WGA)

Recent studies show that, although graphemic clues are fundamental to reading, older readers can effectively use syntactic and semantic context to improve their perception of word possibilities; the teaching of reading should include helping students increase their use of these supplemental cues. (JM)

A case study of a proficient deaf student reading two versions of the same story (one syntactically more complex than the other) supports the notion that a firm semantic base enables processing at the syntactic as well as the semantic level. (Author/CL)