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Interlanguage2
Language Universals2
Second Language Learning2
Syntax2
Grammar1
Interference (Language)1
Language Research1
Sociolinguistics1
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Language Learning2
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Gass, Susan2
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A Review of Interlanguage Syntax: Language Transfer and Language Universals.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Gass, Susan – Language Learning, 1984
Reviews literature on language transfer and language universals. Defines language universals as those linguistic elements which are common to all languages. Discusses language transfer and language universals as interacting phenomena. Concludes that language universals serve as an overall guiding principle in second language acquisition,…
Descriptors: Interference (Language), Interlanguage, Language Universals, Second Language Learning
Language Transfer and Universal Grammatical Relations.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Gass, Susan – Language Learning, 1979
A model of language transfer is proposed. It examines the nature of language transfer, identifies which language phenomena are transferred, and predicts conditions for language transfer occurrence. The model includes notions of language universals, language distance, and surface language phenomena. (PMJ)
Descriptors: Grammar, Interlanguage, Language Research, Language Universals