The article analyzes accounts of the regimented aspects of life at summer pioneer camps (daily routine, lining up, and marching in formation) as well as the informal aspects of children's subculture. Our main source of information were publications in the Soviet children's press and specialized periodicals in education from between the late 1950s…

To demonstrate the need for summer educational programs for hearing impaired children and to study ways of implementing programs, a summer program, conducted at a school for the deaf, was utilized. Twenty-two educators in four groups observed the program for four days each, met for discussions, and analyzed strengths and weaknesses. Academic and…