This article describes a multisensory method for teaching students how to multiply and divide as well as add and subtract integers. The author uses sidewalk chalk and the underlying concept of integers to physically and mentally engage students in understanding the concepts of integers, making connections, and developing computational fluency.…

In the winter of 1965, an experimental course in Elementary Number Theory was presented to a 6th grade class in the Hosmer School, Watertown, Massachusetts. Prior to the introduction of the present material, students had been exposed in class to such topics from the University of Illinois Arithmetic Project as lattices, number lines, frame…

Directions are given for preparing a puzzle that may be used to provide practice in computation. (MP)

This textbook is a course in elementary arithmetic. It stresses mental as well as written exercises. Addition and subtraction are first presented together, and later multiplication and division.

Proposes a four-category classification of semantic structures of one-step word problems involving multiplication and division: forming the n-th multiple of measures, combinatorial multiplication, composition of operators, and multiplication by formula. This classification is compatible with semantic structures of addition and subtraction word…

Allowing students to examine different ways of performing an operation is suggested as a means of increasing their understanding. (MP)

The author urges that subtraction be introduced by "taking away" rather than by equal addition; multiplication be first demonstrated in sets; division be understood as sharing; and unit fractions be denoted at first by using the written word for denominator. (MN)

Observations of students working with subtraction and division are reported. The instructional situation and goals of the teacher are discussed. (SD)

This article focuses on the aspect of mental arithmetic that uses thinking strategies that are effective with large numbers as well as basic facts. Two activities are suggested for lack of the four operations. (MK)

A teacher discusses his attempt to analyze his pupil's difficulties with arithmetic by looking at the component parts of each operation. (MP)

The document presents a criterion referenced test of basic math skills, including division, multiplication, addition, subtraction, fractions, decimals, time, and measurement. (DLS)

This study explored the effects of visual (vertical and horizontal) and oral presentation modes upon simple mathematical computations (addition, subtraction, and multiplication). Seventy-two undergraduate education majors were employed as subjects. The placement of the process sign (left, middle, right) and whether a one or two digit number…

The use of two different colored beans or chips to represent positive and negative charges is discussed as a method of demonstrating operations with integers. (MP)

Four worksheets are designed to provide practice with addition, subtraction, and multiplication of whole numbers and decimals. (JT)

For special education teachers dealing with slow learners or learning disabled students, the paper describes teacher-made diagnostic tasks and settings for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Remediation techniques and strategies for common error patterns and misunderstandings are discussed for each of the major parts of the…