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von Spakovsky, Hans A.; Butcher, Jonathan – Heritage Foundation, 2020
Disparate impact is the dubious approach to civil rights enforcement that claims that an entirely neutral policy that does not discriminate on its face, is not intended to discriminate, and does not actually treat individuals differently based on their race still constitutes illegal racial discrimination if it has a "disproportionate"…
Descriptors: Racial Discrimination, Disproportionate Representation, Discipline, Suspension
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Hinduja, Sameer; Patchin, Justin W. – Preventing School Failure, 2011
School districts are often given the challenging task of addressing problematic online behaviors committed by students while simultaneously protecting themselves from civil liability by not overstepping their authority. This is difficult, because the law concerning these behaviors is ambiguous and continuously evolving, and little consensus has…
Descriptors: Legal Problems, Civil Rights, Court Litigation, Bullying
Borman, Kathryn M., Ed.; Cahill, Spencer E., Ed.; Cotner, Bridget A., Ed. – Praeger, 2007
Written by an interdisciplinary group of experts in education, psychology, sociology, and other fields, this landmark handbook provides a thorough examination of U.S. secondary education from the private academies of Colonial America to the comprehensive high schools and alternative schools of today. This accessible compendium is a treasure trove…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Civil Rights, Educational History, Private Education