Due to the frequent use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in daily life, it is thought that primary school students acquire information about this concept from various sources. The way these sources present AI may affect students' perceptions of AI. In the study, it was aimed to examine the perceptions of third and fourth grade primary…

Molecular biology can be challenging for undergraduate students because it requires visual literacy skills to interpret abstract representations of submicroscopic concepts, structures, and processes. The Conceptual-Reasoning-Mode framework suggests that visual literacy relies on applying conceptual knowledge to appropriately reason with the…

The purpose of the drawing method is to reveal the hidden beliefs, attitudes, knowledge and understanding of students without being dependent on words. It is more useful than other techniques in that it is easy to apply and a lot of data can be obtained with a drawing. Some misconceptions can be revealed by asking students to describe or…

Especially in higher education -- but true for any setting -- what students do within a learning environment determines their learning outcomes. Given that they regulate their own learning, students do not always act in accordance with the instructions and intentions of the designed learning environment, which in turn has implications for their…

Insects form a highly diverse taxonomic group, which has fundamental ecological functions, but is currently in a process of mass extinction. Here, we present the first cycle of design, implementation, and assessment of a didactic sequence oriented towards improving pre-service teachers' knowledge and appreciation of insect diversity. A…

Energy is a concept frequently encountered both in daily life and in various disciplines. Despite such a wide range of scope, conceptualizing it might be challenging at times. This study aims to investigate high school students' views on the concept of energy through a set of various paper-and-pencil tests. For this purpose, 654 high school…

Several empirical studies reveal that students are poorly informed, and often hold stereotyped views of science and scientists. The present study aimed to investigate the Portuguese elementary school students' images of scientists and their work and the influence of gender and grade level on the development of these images. Two hundred and…

Primary school students often do not have differentiated conceptions of human organs and organ systems. As understanding the inner structure of the human body is an elementary prerequisite for the development of health awareness, appropriate forms of teaching must be developed to modify students' fragmented preconceptions about the inside of their…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) education in primary schools has received a great deal of attention globally, and it is thus important to investigate primary school students' perceptions and understanding of AI learning. Therefore, in this study, 673 drawings of conceptions of AI learning by third to sixth grade students were collected. Firstly, a…

The present study employed the draw-a-picture technique and epistemic network analysis (ENA) to reveal university students' viewpoints on ChatGPT-supported learning, as well as the conceptions, roles, and educational objectives of ChatGPT-supported learning among university students with different learning attitudes. The results showed that…

This study investigates children's perceptions of environmental change and their connection to nature in Mexico's Mediterranean region, an area of global ecological significance. We used a convergent mixed methods design to analyze data from 392 fourth through sixth graders from urban, peri-urban, and rural schools. Integrating quantitative and…

This study investigated 77 Taiwanese pre-service primary teachers' beliefs, knowledge and emotions about mathematics teaching and learning by using a drawing task: specifically, creating pictures of themselves as mathematics teachers at work. Its major findings were: (1) The majority of the participants chose to illustrate a mix of teacher- and…

The aim of this study is to investigate how pre-school children perceive the COVID-19 pandemic through their drawings. Therefore, 58 children from the age groups 3, 4 and 5 were asked to draw a corona virus-themed picture and then individual interviews which were recorded were conducted with 30 children including 10 from each age group. In the…

The study aims to examine the opinions of pre-service classroom teachers about science laboratories. The research was conducted with 66 third-year students (50 female, 16 male) studying in the classroom teaching undergraduate program of a university in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. In selecting the participants, taking the…

Dealing with students' conceptions is one of the central elements of student-oriented teaching. To be able to organize learning processes efficiently, it is necessary to look at the learners in a differentiated way and to approach their conceptions individually. The first necessary step is the individual diagnosis of each student's conceptions.…