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Causation or Correlation: A Reply to Oller and Perkins.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Upshur, John A.; And Others – Language Learning, 1978
Agrees with Oller and Perkins (1978) that correlation and causation are not equivalent and that correlations between invalid measures yield no important conclusions. In addition, Oller and Perkins' arguments against the validity of self-report measurements are examined, as well as evidence for a causal relation between variance in affective…
Descriptors: Affective Measures, Analysis of Variance, Attitude Measures, Correlation
Attitudes and Attained Proficiency in EFL: A Sociolinguistic Study of Adult Japanese Speakers.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Chihara, Tetsuro; Oller, John W., Jr. – Language Learning, 1978
Examines: (1) correlations between attitudes of Japanese students toward various variables, and their proficiency in English; and (2) the validity of attitude measures. (Author/AM)
Descriptors: Adult Students, Attitude Measures, English (Second Language), Japanese
Intelligence and Language Proficiency as Sources of Variance in Self-Reported Affective Variables.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Oller, John W., Jr.; Perkins, Kyle – Language Learning, 1978
Discusses three possible sources of nonrandom but extraneous variance in self-reported attitude data, and demonstrates that these data may be surreptitious measures of verbal intelligence and language proficiency. (Author/AM)
Descriptors: Affective Measures, Analysis of Variance, Attitude Measures, Correlation