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Link, S. W.; Heath, R. A. – Psychometrika, 1975
A theory of discrimination which assumes that subjects compare psychological values evoked by a stimulus to a subjective referent is proposed. For a related article, see TM 501 716. (Author/RC)
Descriptors: Adaptation Level Theory, Cognitive Processes, Conditioning, Decision Making
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Maydak, Michael; And Others – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1995
This study examined the matching and sequencing of quantities, numerals, and arbitrary forms by two individuals with mental retardation. Results showed that sequence training did not readily lead to new matching performances, unlike prior research with college students. Instead, training in matching to sample yielded emergent sequence production…
Descriptors: Classification, Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Developmental Disabilities
Richman, Leona – Amer J Occup Therapy, 1969
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Geriatrics, Group Therapy, Occupational Therapy
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Smeets, Paul M.; Barnes-Holmes, Dermot; Roche, Bryan – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2001
Trained preschoolers and adults on three sets of successive discriminations with stimuli labeled A, B, and R. Tested for derived stimulus-response relations and stimulus-stimulus relations. Adults displayed class-consistent B-R and A-B performances over all conditions. Children's display of class-consistent B-R performance varied by training…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Concept Formation, Discrimination Learning
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Markson, Lori; Thompson, Laura A. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1998
Two experiments explored the nature of perceptual development in 5- and 10-year olds and adults. The primary finding was that preassessed salience significantly influenced 5-year olds' ability to discriminate two objects, while salience did not affect 10-year olds' or adults' response times. Results showed that salience effects in perceptual…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Attention, Children
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Cattarelli, Martine; Dardou, David; Datiche, Frederique – Learning & Memory, 2006
When an odor is paired with a delayed illness, rats acquire a relatively weak odor aversion. In contrast, rats develop a strong aversion to an olfactory cue paired with delayed illness if it is presented simultaneously with a gustatory cue. Such a conditioning effect has been referred to as taste-potentiated odor aversion learning (TPOA). TPOA is…
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Behavior Modification, Nonverbal Learning, Laboratory Experiments
Bozinou, Efthymia; Goulet, L. R. – 1970
This study investigated the spontaneous use of verbal mediators in discrimination learning, the transfer of mediators to a free recall task, and the effects of a pretraining task on performance. The discrimination tasks required nursery school children (80) to: (1) sort three instances each of two different concepts in a conceptually consistent…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Discrimination Learning, Learning Processes, Mediation Theory
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Spradlin, Joseph E.; And Others – American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1973
Descriptors: Adolescents, Concept Formation, Conditioning, Discrimination Learning
Soraci, S. A., Jr.; And Others – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1990
Children with mental retardation are particularly prone to failure on relational tasks such as oddity and match-to-sample, suggesting a differential sensitivity to relational information. This paper reports on several studies in which characteristics of stimulus arrays were enhanced. Results demonstrated the theoretical and practical significance…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation, Discrimination Learning
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Kronland, Antonia; Whittlesea, Bruce W. A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2006
A surprising validation of expectation experienced during a recognition test induces the perception of discrepancy and a feeling of familiarity. The authors investigated whether that perception also affects memory performance when it is experienced in the original encounter with a stimulus. Target words were presented in a study phase, half in…
Descriptors: Perception, Memory, Familiarity, Task Analysis
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Brembs, Bjorn; de Ibarra, Natalie Hempel – Learning & Memory, 2006
We have used a genetically tractable model system, the fruit fly "Drosophila melanogaster" to study the interdependence between sensory processing and associative processing on learning performance. We investigated the influence of variations in the physical and predictive properties of color stimuli in several different operant-conditioning…
Descriptors: Stimulus Generalization, Stimuli, Discrimination Learning, Simulation
Gagne, Ellen D.; Biddle, W. Barry – 1972
The purpose of the study was to test the discriminative cue hypothesis by attempting to train pupils to increase effort following a high expectancy condition and to reduce effort following a low expectancy condition. Fourth grade high-IQ low achievers were used as subjects in the study, because the authors felt that while they would learn fast,…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Cues, Discrimination Learning, Elementary School Students
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Halford, Graeme S. – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 1997
Reviews "Levels of Cognitive Development," which presents a theory of cognitive development integrating discrimination- learning research with understanding of higher cognitive processes. Argues that strengths include its presentation of systematic research and providing continuity between past and present models. Weaknesses include…
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Associative Learning, Book Reviews, Child Development
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Baeyens, Frank; Vansteenwegen, Debora; Beckers, Tom; Hermans, Dirk; Kerkhof, Ineke; De Ceulaer, Annick – Learning & Memory, 2005
Using a conditioned suppression task, we investigated extinction and renewal of Pavlovian modulation in human sequential Feature Positive (FP) discrimination learning. In Experiment 1, in context a participants were first trained on two FP discriminations, X[right arrow]A+/A- and Y[right arrow]B+/B-. Extinction treatment was administered in the…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Classical Conditioning, Contingency Management, Sequential Learning
McGurk, Harry – 1972
Infants in four age groups--three, six, nine and twelve months--were exposed to an experimental procedure designed to assess the extent to which such subjects were capable of discriminating between different orientations of the same form, and the extent to which they were capable of recognizing the identity between different orientations of the…
Descriptors: Child Development, Child Psychology, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis
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