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Direct linkTovar-Díaz, Jorge; Morín, Jean-Pascal; Ríos-Carrillo, Jorge Eduardo; de Jesús, Hilda Sánchez; Roldán-Roldán, Gabriel – Learning & Memory, 2021
In conditioned odor aversion (COA), the association of a tasteless odorized solution (the conditioned stimulus [CS]) with an intraperitoneal injection of LiCl (the unconditioned stimulus [US]), which produces visceral malaise, results in its future avoidance. The strength of this associative memory is mainly dependent on two parameters, that is,…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Associative Learning, Conditioning, Olfactory Perception
Bhattacharya, Sriya; Mukherjee, Bandhan; Doré, Jules J. E.; Yuan, Qi; Harley, Carolyn W.; McLean, John H. – Learning & Memory, 2017
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) plays a role in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation. We hypothesized that trichostatin-A (TSA), an HDAC inhibitor, would promote long-term odor preference memory and maintain enhanced GluA1 receptor levels that have been hypothesized to support memory. We used an early odor preference learning model in…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Inhibition, Olfactory Perception, Preferences
Raccuglia, Davide; Mueller, Uli – Learning & Memory, 2013
Throughout the animal kingdom, the inhibitory neurotransmitter ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a key modulator of physiological processes including learning. With respect to associative learning, the exact time in which GABA interferes with the molecular events of learning has not yet been clearly defined. To address this issue, we used two…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Associative Learning, Olfactory Perception, Animals
Mota, Theo; Giurfa, Martin; Sandoz, Jean-Christophe – Learning & Memory, 2011
A sophisticated form of nonelemental learning is provided by occasion setting. In this paradigm, animals learn to disambiguate an uncertain conditioned stimulus using alternative stimuli that do not enter into direct association with the unconditioned stimulus. For instance, animals may learn to discriminate odor rewarded from odor nonrewarded…
Descriptors: Animals, Stimuli, Entomology, Color
Amano, Hisayuki; Maruyama, Ichiro N. – Learning & Memory, 2011
The nematode "Caenorhabditis elegans" ("C. elegans") adult hermaphrodite has 302 invariant neurons and is suited for cellular and molecular studies on complex behaviors including learning and memory. Here, we have developed protocols for classical conditioning of worms with 1-propanol, as a conditioned stimulus (CS), and hydrochloride (HCl) (pH…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Classical Conditioning, Long Term Memory, Olfactory Perception
Roitman, Mitchell F.; Wheeler, Robert A.; Tiesinga, Paul H. E.; Roitman, Jamie D.; Carelli, Regina M. – Learning & Memory, 2010
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a role in hedonic reactivity to taste stimuli. Learning can alter the hedonic valence of a given stimulus, and it remains unclear how the NAc encodes this shift. The present study examined whether the population response of NAc neurons to a taste stimulus is plastic using a conditioned taste aversion (CTA)…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Rewards, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Role
Zucco, Gesualdo M.; Paolini, Michela; Schaal, Benoist – Learning and Motivation, 2009
The pioneering work by Kirk-Smith, Van Toller, and Dodd [Kirk-Smith, M. D., Van Toller, C., & Dodd, G. H. (1983). "Unconscious odour conditioning in human subjects." "Biological Psychology," 17, 221-231], established that an unnoticed odorant paired with an emotionally meaningful task can influence mood and attitudes when the odorant alone is…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Learning Processes, Research Methodology, Experiments
Pirogovsky, Eva; Murphy, Claire; Gilbert, Paul E. – Developmental Science, 2009
Associative learning is critical to normal cognitive development in children. However, young adults typically outperform children on paired-associate tasks involving visual, verbal and spatial location stimuli. The present experiment investigated cross-modal odour-place associative memory in children (7-10 years) and young adults (18-24 years).…
Descriptors: Children, Young Adults, Associative Learning, Cognitive Development
