The article provides perspectives on p values, null hypothesis testing, and alternative techniques in light of modern robust statistical methods. Null hypothesis testing and "p" values can provide useful information provided they are interpreted in a sound manner, which includes taking into account insights and advances that have…

An in-class activity is described that can be used not only to motivate hypothesis testing, but also to understand and compute the p-value and power in a statistical test. (Contains 3 figures.)

In this article we describe a semester-long project, based on the popular video game series Guitar Hero, designed to introduce upper-level undergraduate statistics students to statistical research. Some of the goals of this project are to help students develop statistical thinking that allows them to approach and answer open-ended research…

This article reviews and discusses the use of statistical concepts in a natural resources and life sciences journal on the basis of a census of the articles published in a recent issue of the "Agronomy Journal" and presents a flow chart and a graph that display the inter-relationships between the most commonly used statistical terms. It also…

Two objectives guided the present study: (1) to provide a suitable test for the hypothesis rho=0, and (2) to establish a means by which general users of R can set confidence intervals on rho. The first objective was approached by testing several possible solutions similar to the procedure followed by Forsyth. The second objective was pursued via a…

Statistical inference concerning the parameters of k multivariate normal populations is considered. Several models in which the parameters have certain hierarchical relationships are discussed, in particular as related to testing the hypothesis that k psychological tests are parallel forms of the same test. The report contains the following…

The logic and procedures underlying a disturbance term regression test of logical consistency for structural models are reviewed for recursive and nonrecursive designs. It is shown that in a simple three-variable, complete mediational case the test procedure is mathematically equivalent to a part correlation. (Author/LMO)

Correct simple formulas are provided for the value of phi needed to use the commonly available Pearson and Hartley power charts in determining the power of hypothesis tests involving simple degree-of-freedom comparisons in the fixed effects analysis of variance. (LMO)

A sampling subspace in hypothesis testing where Type II error is made for completely illogical reasons from the standpoint of probability is described. The case of unequal probabilities of populations or conditions is also considered. (Author/BS)

New tests for comparing the strength of association between a variable and each of two potential predictor variables are proposed and compared to an existing test in a simulation study. Recommendations for use are made. (Author/JKS)

Fifteen examples using different formulas for calculating degrees of freedom for power analysis of multiple regression designs worked out by Cohen are presented, along with a more general formula for calculating such degrees of freedom. (Author/JKS)

In multigroup covariance structure analysis with structured means, the traditional latent selection model is formulated as a special case of phenotypic selection. Illustrations with real and simulated data demonstrate how one can test specific hypotheses concerning selection on latent variables. (SLD)

Argues that H. W. Marsh and K.-T. Hau (1996) misunderstood parsimony and its role in testing a hypothesis about an incompletely specified model to establish its objective validity. More parsimonious models represent more complete hypotheses having more ways of being tested and confirmed. Marsh and Hau could also have used more parsimonious…

A computer program randomly sampled ordered pairs of scores from known populations that departed from bivariate normal form and calculated correlation coefficients from sample values. Hypotheses were tested (1) that population correlations are zero using the t statistic; and (2) that population correlations have non-zero values using the r to z…

A model is presented for multiple pairwise comparisons of selected categories (cells) of a contingency table after the chi-square test has rejected the null hypothesis of equality of population proportions. The model determines which, if any, pairwise proportions have led to the rejection. (SLD)