This article demonstrates how a technique called Agent-Based Modelling can address a significant challenge for effective interdisciplinarity. Different disciplines and research methods make divergent assertions about what a satisfactory explanation requires. However, without a unified framework analysing the implications of these differences…

The Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) is a multicycle survey of adult skills and competencies sponsored by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The survey examines a range of basic skills in the information age and assesses these adult skills consistently across participating…

Structural equation modeling (SEM) and path analysis using composite-scores are distinct classes of methods for modeling the relationship of theoretical constructs. The two classes of methods are integrated in the partial-least-squares approach to structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), which systematically generates weighted composites and uses…

Estimating and accounting for statistical uncertainty have become essential in today's information age, and crucial for cultivating a sound decision making citizenry. Engaging with statistical uncertainty early on can support the gradual development of uncertainty-related considerations that are often challenging to foster at any age. Statistical…

This study aimed to examine authentic models of science assessment in assessing the competence of senior high school students who met the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The methodology applied was an evaluation and developmental research. Research was conducted in senior high school in accordance with the needs of the…

Learning analytics needs to pay more attention to the temporal aspect of learning processes, especially in self-regulated learning (SRL) research. In doing so, learning analytics models should incorporate both the duration and frequency of learning activities, the passage of time, and the temporal order of learning activities. However, where this…

In applications of item response theory (IRT) models, it is known that empirical violations of the local independence (LI) assumption can significantly bias parameter estimates. To address this issue, we propose a threshold-autoregressive item response theory (TAR-IRT) model that additionally accounts for order dependence among the item responses…

Background: Educational and developmental psychologists often examine how groups change over time. Two analytic procedures -- analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and the gain score model -- each seem well suited for the simplest situation, with just two groups and two time points. They can produce different results, what is known as Lord's paradox.…

Mixture models have been developed to enable detection of within-subject differences in responses and response times to psychometric test items. To enable mixture modeling of both responses and response times, a distributional assumption is needed for the within-state response time distribution. Since violations of the assumed response time…

Based on a statistical analysis, undergraduate business students are shown to prefer classification tree over six other standard data mining techniques. Data were collected over a 4-year period from students taking a data mining course offered at a business university in the US. The principal reason given by students for this preference is that…

In this article, alternative randomized response models are proposed, which make use of sum of quantitative scores generated from two decks of cards being used in a survey. The proposed methods are compared to the Odumade and Singh and Singh and Grewal models through a simulation study. It is shown that the modified methods can be used more…

Cognitive modelling shares many features with statistical modelling, making it seem trivial to borrow from the practices of robust Bayesian statistics to protect the practice of robust cognitive modelling. We take one aspect of statistical workflow--prior predictive checks--and explore how they might be applied to a cognitive modelling task. We…

The four-parameter logistic (4PL) Item Response Theory (IRT) model has recently been reconsidered in the literature due to the advances in the statistical modeling software and the recent developments in the estimation of the 4PL IRT model parameters. The current simulation study evaluated the performance of expectation-maximization (EM),…

The application of diagnostic classification models (DCMs) in the field of educational measurement is getting more attention in recent years. To make a valid inference from the model, it is important to ensure that the model fits the data. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the performance of the limited information…

Social scientists are often interested in estimating the marginal effects of a time-varying treatment on an end-of-study continuous outcome. With observational data, estimating these effects is complicated by the presence of time-varying confounders affected by prior treatments, which may lead to bias in conventional regression and matching…