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Cohen, Michael S.; Rissman, Jesse; Hovhannisyan, Mariam; Castel, Alan D.; Knowlton, Barbara J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
People tend to show better memory for information that is deemed valuable or important. By one mechanism, individuals selectively engage deeper, semantic encoding strategies for high value items (Cohen, Rissman, Suthana, Castel, & Knowlton, 2014). By another mechanism, information paired with value or reward is automatically strengthened in…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Memory, Testing, Learning Processes
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Warne, Russell T.; Doty, Kristine J.; Malbica, Anne Marie; Angeles, Victor R.; Innes, Scott; Hall, Jared; Masterson-Nixon, Kelli – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2016
"Above-level testing" (also called "above-grade testing," "out-of-level testing," and "off-level testing") is the practice of administering to a child a test that is designed for an examinee population that is older or in a more advanced grade. Above-level testing is frequently used to help educators design…
Descriptors: Test Items, Testing, Academically Gifted, Talent Identification
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Schmid, Monika S.; Hopp, Holger – Language Testing, 2014
This study examines the methodology of global foreign accent ratings in studies on L2 speech production. In three experiments, we test how variation in raters, range within speech samples, as well as instructions and procedures affects ratings of accent in predominantly monolingual speakers of German, non-native speakers of German, as well as…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Second Language Learning, Pronunciation, Native Speakers