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Showing 1 to 15 of 25 results Save | Export
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Trommler, Friederike; Gresch, Helge; Hammann, Marcus – International Journal of Science Education, 2018
The teleological bias, a major learning obstacle, involves explaining biological phenomena in terms of purposes and goals. To probe the teleological bias, researchers have used acceptance judgement tasks and preference judgement tasks. In the present study, such tasks were used with German high school students (N = 353) for 10 phenomena from human…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, Etiology, Preferences, High School Students
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Kalashnikova, Marina; Mattock, Karen; Monaghan, Padraic – First Language, 2016
Mutual exclusivity (ME) refers to the assumption that there are one-to-one relations between linguistic forms and their meanings. It is used as a word-learning strategy whereby children tend to map novel labels to unfamiliar rather than familiar referents. Previous research has indicated a relation between ME and vocabulary development, which…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Receptive Language, Infants, Correlation
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Luo, Canhuang; Chen, Wei; Zhang, Ye – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2017
In studies of visual object recognition, strong inversion effects accompany the acquisition of expertise and imply the involvement of configural processing. Chinese literacy results in sensitivity to the orthography of Chinese characters. While there is some evidence that this orthographic sensitivity results in an inversion effect, and thus…
Descriptors: Chinese, Language Processing, Orthographic Symbols, Familiarity
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Chalik, Lisa; Leslie, Sarah-Jane; Rhodes, Marjorie – Developmental Psychology, 2017
The present study investigates the processes by which essentialist beliefs about religious categories develop. Children (ages 5 and 10) and adults (n = 350) from 2 religious groups (Jewish and Christian), with a range of levels of religiosity, completed switched-at-birth tasks in which they were told that a baby had been born to parents of 1…
Descriptors: Cultural Context, Beliefs, Religion, Role
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Mehrani, Mehdi B.; Peterson, Carole – First Language, 2017
In the present cross-linguistic study two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of age and linguistic background on response tendencies of preschoolers toward forced-choice questions. A total of 163 2- to 5-year-old children, including 63 Persian speakers, 57 Kurdish speakers and 43 English speakers, were asked a set of…
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Language Acquisition, English, Indo European Languages
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Ranalli, Jim – TESL-EJ, 2018
Accurate metacognitive monitoring of one's own knowledge or performance is a precondition for self-regulated learning; monitoring informs metacognitive control, which in turn affects task outcomes. Studies of monitoring accuracy and its connection to knowledge and performance are common in psychology and educational research but rare in instructed…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Teaching Methods, Familiarity, Learning Strategies
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Simpson, Elizabeth A.; Suomi, Stephen J.; Paukner, Annika – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
In human children and adults, familiar face types--typically own-age and own-species faces--are discriminated better than other face types; however, human infants do not appear to exhibit an own-age bias but instead better discriminate adult faces, which they see more often. There are two possible explanations for this pattern: Perceptual…
Descriptors: Evolution, Human Body, Infants, Prediction
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Zimmermann, Jacqueline F.; Moscovitch, Morris; Alain, Claude – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Long-term memory (LTM) has been shown to bias attention to a previously learned visual target location. Here, we examined whether memory-predicted spatial location can facilitate the detection of a faint pure tone target embedded in real world audio clips (e.g., soundtrack of a restaurant). During an initial familiarization task, participants…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Recall (Psychology), Spatial Ability, Audio Equipment
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Kim, Kinam; Kim, Minsung – Journal of Geography, 2018
This study examined the effects of task demand and familiarity on students' perception and processing of spatial information upon viewing visuospatial representations. Participants in South Korea were told that they would travel through an area, either drawing a map or observing the scenery depicted in photographs. The level of familiarity in the…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Student Attitudes, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Processes
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Voskuilen, Chelsea; Ratcliff, Roger; McKoon, Gail – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
We examined the effects of aging on performance in an item-recognition experiment with confidence judgments. A model for confidence judgments and response time (RTs; Ratcliff & Starns, 2013) was used to fit a large amount of data from a new sample of older adults and a previously reported sample of younger adults. This model of confidence…
Descriptors: Aging (Individuals), Recognition (Psychology), Familiarity, Metacognition
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Bui, Gavin; Huang, Zeping – Language Teaching Research, 2018
This study investigates how second language (L2) fluency is influenced by two factors: Pre-task planning and content familiarity. Planning was adopted as a between-participant variable, combined with content familiarity as a within-participant variable, in a 2 × 2 split-plot factorial design. Nineteen measures of fluency phenomena, constituting…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Course Content, Familiarity, Language Fluency
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Qiu, Xuyan; Lo, Yuen Yi – Language Teaching Research, 2017
Previous research has considered the effects of content familiarity and task repetition on second language (L2) performance, but few studies have looked at the effect of these factors on learners' engagement in task performance. This study explores the influence of content familiarity and task repetition on English as a foreign language (EFL)…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Course Content, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
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Tiernan, Peter – Education & Training, 2016
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of enterprise education on students' understanding of and attitudes to entrepreneurship and enterprise education in initial teacher education. Design/methodology/approach: This paper builds on current literature by introducing student teachers to the theory and practice of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Preservice Teacher Education, Entrepreneurship, Student Teacher Attitudes
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Bowles, Ben; Köhler, Stefan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Situations in which the name of a person is perceived as familiar but does not trigger recall of pertinent semantic knowledge are common in daily life. In current connectionist models of person recognition, such "familiar-only" experiences reflect supra-threshold activation at person-identity nodes but subthreshold activation at nodes…
Descriptors: Semantics, Familiarity, Naming, Recognition (Psychology)
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Howells, Kerry; Fitzallen, Noleine; Adams, Christine – Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 2016
Australian higher education institutions have struggled to develop clear strategies for developing and assessing graduate attributes within their specific disciplinary contexts. Using the example of the graduate attribute of social responsibility, this paper explores the outcomes of using assessment tasks to raise the awareness of development of…
Descriptors: Social Responsibility, Curriculum Enrichment, Graduate Study, Pretests Posttests
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