Recent methods have sought to improve precision in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by utilizing data from large observational datasets for covariate adjustment. For example, consider an RCT aimed at evaluating a new algebra curriculum, in which a few dozen schools are randomly assigned to treatment (new curriculum) or control (standard…

The purpose of this non-experimental quantitative study was to investigate the relationship between Pennsylvania's Classroom Diagnostic Tools (CDT) interim assessments and the state-mandated Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) and to create linear regression equations that could be used as models to predict student performance on the…

There is currently a nursing shortage in the United States. By 2022, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) expects, the number of job openings for Practical Nurses (PN) will be 168,500, an increase of 25% over 2012 (BLS, 2014). Nursing education does not currently meet present, much less future needs. Nursing programs have limited space; according…

Standardized testing and assessment packages have been implemented by nursing program directors to predict and improve pass rates on the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX). The methods of implementation vary from program to program, and as a result, the outcomes in the programs vary. The purpose of this quantitative study was to…

The document presents the findings of a multiple regression analysis and a factor analysis of variables used in the prediction of student performance after two years of participation in Project APEX. This project seeks to demonstrate that 24 disadvantaged students with college potential can succeed in a special university program. Subjects were…

The Brain Wave Analyzer (BWA Ertl 02) was used to measure the brain potentials of 110 public school children. Resulting scores were correlated with concurrent measures of school achievement. Results indicate that certain brain wave scores have relatively low correlations with school achievement compared to traditional intelligence measures but may…

Data from the College Entrance Examination Board's Comparative Guidance and Placement (CGP) Program were used in these two studies of students at Central Virginia Community College (CVCC). In the first study, 1971 fall quarter performance in specific courses and in all courses was compared to CGP performance. The conclusions indicate that: (1) CGP…

THIS REPORT DESCRIBES THE INITIAL VALIDATION OF PERFORMANCE TESTS OF TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS--USING PUPIL GAINS AS THE CRITERION OF EFFECTIVENESS--AND THE STEPS TAKEN IN RECOGNITION OF THE PROPRIETY OF SUCH MEASURES ONLY IF ALL TEACHERS ARE TEACHING FOR THE SAME OBJECTIVES. AS A FIRST STEP, IT WAS HYPOTHESIZED THAT A VALID PERFORMANCE TEST OF…

This report summarizes the techniques used in gathering and maintaining a data file on most of the Army aviator trainees who have been through the Officer/Warrant Officer Rotary Wing Aviator Course and the Warrant Officer Candidate Course during the period 1 July 1968-31 December 1969. Specific regression analyses dealing with the prediction of…

The validity of prediction equations based on American College Testing (ACT) Program test scores and high school grades is investigated. Presented are separate results for prediction equations based on ACT scores only, on high school grades only, and on both kinds of prediction jointly. Also included is a discussion of the relationship between…

Published reports and papers pertaining to the validity of measures commonly used at college entrance are reviewed and summarized in this report. These measures consist of various types of academic quantitative indices used to describe the high school record and various types of academic tests. The data are categorized by sex and ethnic…

It has long been assumed that Part 3 of the National Boards, which stresses patient management and clinical problems, is a valid measure of "clinical competence" for doctors. These authors, challenging this premise, devised a study to analyze which components of medical school achievement are most predictive of Part 3 performance. Their…

Regressing adjusted grade point averages (GPAs) on freshman Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores and high school GPAs increases the SAT's predictive validity. However, these adjusted SATs change only a small proportion of admissions decisions, do not increase freshman grades, but do change freshman class composition in some majors and limit…

Samples of Anglo, Black, Mexican-American, and Papago Indian students (N=260 per group) were administered the Metropolitan Achievement Test and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). Various concepts of cultural fairness were identified from the literature and then used to design analyses of these data. Regression equations…

The heart of performance- and competency-based teacher education, evaluation, and accountability programs is the establishment of empirical relationships between teacher behavior as an independent variable and student achievement as a dependent variable. Before researchers can adequately establish those relationships they need to deal with the…