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Direct linkArffman, Inga – Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 2016
Open-ended (OE) items are widely used to gather data on student performance in international achievement studies. However, several factors may threaten validity when using such items. This study examined Finnish coders' opinions about threats to validity when coding responses to OE items in the PISA 2012 problem-solving test. A total of 6…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries, International Assessment, Secondary School Students
Download full textKostin, Irene – Educational Testing Service, 2004
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between a set of item characteristics and the difficulty of TOEFL[R] dialogue items. Identifying characteristics that are related to item difficulty has the potential to improve the efficiency of the item-writing process The study employed 365 TOEFL dialogue items, which were coded on 49…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Difficulty Level, Language Tests, English (Second Language)
