There is extensive research on the benefits of making data-informed decisions, but research also contains evidence many educators incorrectly interpret student data. Meanwhile, the types of detailed labeling on over-the-counter medication have been shown to improve use of non-medication products, as well. However, data systems most educators use…

This paper analyzes trends in education expenditures in elementary and secondary schools, especially the extent to which special education costs are responsible for the overall upward expenditure trends. It reports on the limited national data available and on a longitudinal analysis of special education costs in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, from 1982-83…