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Direct linkGrund, Simon; Lüdtke, Oliver; Robitzsch, Alexander – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2023
Multiple imputation (MI) is a popular method for handling missing data. In education research, it can be challenging to use MI because the data often have a clustered structure that need to be accommodated during MI. Although much research has considered applications of MI in hierarchical data, little is known about its use in cross-classified…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Data Analysis, Error of Measurement, Computation
Ludtke, Oliver; Marsh, Herbert W.; Robitzsch, Alexander; Trautwein, Ulrich; Asparouhov, Tihomir; Muthen, Bengt – Psychological Methods, 2008
In multilevel modeling (MLM), group-level (L2) characteristics are often measured by aggregating individual-level (L1) characteristics within each group so as to assess contextual effects (e.g., group-average effects of socioeconomic status, achievement, climate). Most previous applications have used a multilevel manifest covariate (MMC) approach,…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Sampling, Context Effect, Simulation
