The final decades of the twentieth century were rife with education reform. "A Nation at Risk" (1983) compared American schools to their counterparts in other countries, and found America wanting while E.D. Hirsch and others decried Americans' lack of knowledge of their own institutions and heritage (Hirsch 1987). These alarms caused…

This brief is part of a four-part series examining the past, present, and future of modern school accountability systems. With the dual forces of the COVID-19 pandemic and the national call to action on racial inequity, the question of how we should measure and hold schools accountable for the impact they have on students is more urgent than ever.…

As an institution built on the foundation of a Normal School, collaboration among faculty members and across program areas and academic units has been part of Western Kentucky University's (WKU) heritage since 1906. In addition to the various collaborative initiatives across campus, there are a variety of initiatives that involve various agencies…

Combination classes are often created out of financial necessity rather than a desire to engage students in multiage learning. Teachers assigned to these classrooms come from the general teaching pool and may not have specialized training around the intricacies of multiage teaching. A review of the literature indicates that the United States has a…

Using an equal-group stratified sample of 42 Kentucky public P-12 school districts, the researcher conducted a quantitative correlational analysis to examine the relationship between per pupil expenditures in reading and mathematics proficiency. Repeated measures t tests analyzed the differences of the mean scores for the study variables of…

Over the past several decades, Kentucky's efforts to build equity, adequacy, and excellence in public education have produced substantial results. The state has moved closer to delivering for all children, but it has not completed the effort. Instead, having set itself a 2014 deadline to deliver proficiency for all, despite progress, Kentucky is…

The authors write about evaluation, testing, and research and their relation to policy, planning, and program in the Jefferson County Public Schools (JCPS) in Louisville, Kentucky. The authors focus on evaluation and testing for accountability and on managing the unit for this purpose. In detail they show the many evaluation demands from both…

A Louisville elementary school has a brighter future, thanks to the Kentucky Education Reform Act. Kennedy School's reform efforts predated the 1990 state law, but teachers and administrators credit KERA with providing appropriate resources and a psychic push toward success. Although the school suffered a performance drop in 1996, it has made vast…

Examines department chair responsibilities and teacher perceptions of such responsibilities in the context of Kentucky's mandated systemic reforms. Findings show a distinct lack of consensus about the appropriate department-chair role among both chairs and teachers. The chair's chronically ambiguous role should be addressed to realize the…

In this study, Kentucky elementary school teachers provided feedback concerning the state's school reform process after 13 years of implementing the Kentucky Education Reform Act of 1990 (KERA). Five counties were randomly selected out of twenty-four in western Kentucky, with one school chosen from each county. Elementary teachers who had taught…

Although at least four states have developed and validated instruments to assess principals' performance, most states, including Kentucky, rely on outdated criteria and continue to use inappropriate technical procedures in developing appraisal instruments. There is need to evaluate the principal as an individual on processes and as a team member…

In Kentucky, nongraded primary education became a reality under the mandate of the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA) in 1990. Research has produced some anecdotal information on the degree to which schools have implemented the ungraded primary program, but there has been no research to link the implementation of the primary program to student…

In 1990, in response to court orders, Kentucky took the unprecedented step of throwing out the state's entire public educational system. Using outside consultants, they fashioned a model for education reform that many experts have hailed as the best in the United States. The Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA) has become a beacon of hope for a…

Whether changes mandated by the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA) influenced eligible teachers to make the choice to retire was studied through a questionnaire completed by 70 former primary-level teachers. Fifty-two indicated that KERA had influenced their decisions, with philosophical disagreement with program components the reason most often…

Uses Blau and Scott concept of "cui bono" to describe who has benefited from 1990 Kentucky Education Reform Act. In eyes of legislators, everyone would benefit, and the economically depressed state would prosper. As implementation of KERA progresses, it is becoming increasingly clear that mandated changes may be structural and may…