The purpose of this study was to reveal trends, indicate fields for further research and action, and expose problem areas for further study at the international level. The study objectives are to review: (1) the course patterns and degree structures developed at the Open University in the United Kingdom, (2) new degree courses in the United…

Describes policies of educational validation in the context of European integration, finding assessment of prior learning more effective than equivalent degrees. Distinguishes between two types of arrangements in France, certification through diplomas and assessment of competence, and discusses the relative value placed on each in French society.…