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Richard L. Sparks – Multilingual Matters, 2025
This book traces and summarizes theoretical insights and empirical findings on the topic of whether or not anxiety for language learning could be a causal variable for individual differences in language learning. The author brings together three decades of research to show that first language (L1) skills and second language (L2) aptitude are…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Anxiety, Individual Differences, Language Skills
Tedick, Diane J.; Christian, Donna; Fortune, Tara Williams – Multilingual Matters, 2011
This volume builds on Fortune and Tedick's 2008 Pathways to Multilingualism: Evolving Perspectives on Immersion Education and showcases the practice and promise of immersion education through in-depth investigations of program design, implementation practices, and policies in one-way, two-way and indigenous programs. Contributors present new…
Descriptors: Program Design, Immersion Programs, Bilingual Education, Program Implementation

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