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Peer reviewedBoeschoten, Hendrik E.; Verhoeven, Ludo Th. – Language Learning, 1987
Data on Dutch-Turkish language-mixing behavior of Turkish children growing up in The Netherlands are presented and analyzed. While functional characteristics of the children's language-mixing were compatible with models from earlier research, structural analysis suggests no universality of surface structure constraint rules for sentence-internal…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Child Language, Children, Code Switching (Language)
Peer reviewedZondag, Koen – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1989
Discusses current research on six bilingual elementary schools in Friesland, focusing on students' command of Dutch and Frisian, and on school policies concerning Frisian as an instructional subject. The proportions of Frisian- and Dutch-speaking children in an area, the pedagogical and sociolinguistic climates, and the problems associated with…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Classroom Environment, Code Switching (Language)
Fishman, Joshua A. – 1991
On the basis of detailed analyses of 10 threatened language-in-society constellations and three formerly endangered but now secure constellations, this book develops a closely argued theory of worldwide efforts on behalf of reversing language shift (RLS). It also applies this same line of reasoning to the problems of maintaining the…
Descriptors: Australian Aboriginal Languages, Basque, Code Switching (Language), Ethnic Groups
