Reports on the results of 2 studies that use a non-Kohlbergian approach to categorizing justifications for moral judgments by Australian subjects from 7 to 15 and from 7 to 21 years. These studies support the view that moral reasoning up to late adolescence is largely a product of socialization. (KO)

Analyzes the significance of competing contexts (physical, historical, political, cultural, economic, sociological, and legal contexts) in the development of personal and social education in Hong Kong. Compares Western and Chinese (especially Confucian) views and values related to personal and social education and the development of understanding…

A study was done to examine the effect of study abroad experiences on undergraduate students both in their undergraduate years and afterwards. The study was a joint effort of U.S. and European educators and institutions, involved over 400 participants, and included a comparison group of students not undertaking a year abroad. The participating…

Providing guidelines on day care for children under 3 years of age in developing countries, this digest has been written out of a firm conviction that it is entirely possible for developing countries to provide a system of early childhood care and education that is affordable, humane, culturally appropriate, and supportive of child development.…

An intensive study of boys' experiences in two Boy Scout groups shows that scout programs provide important educational functions that schools and homes do not. Detailed field notes were taken on 75 events of the 2 groups, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 boys and their parents to explore what parents and boys felt they were…

A survey of 136 junior high and middle school teachers focused primarily on teachers' knowledge about and opinions relative to curriculum and teaching strategies appropriate for the early adolescent or transescent. The teachers came from four states (Alabama, Georgia, Michigan, Pennsylvania), taught in schools in four socio-economic settings, and…

As a part of an effort to bolster the United Nations Children's Fund's (UNICEF) capacity to promote child development, this report examines the psychosocial development of the child. The intent is not to shift UNICEF's attention to the psychosocial elements of children's needs, but to help UNICEF to implement early childhood development efforts…

This 3-year study investigated the effectiveness of a 1-year diagnostic preschool curriculum for improving the regular school adjustment and achievement of 142 five-year-old psychosocially disadvantaged Appalachian children. During each year approximately 15 children were placed into either an experimental preschool, a kindergarten contrast, or an…

This collection of six articles on oral language is a product of the cooperative efforts of the National Conference on Research in English, the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, the International Reading Association, the Association for Childhood Education International, and the National Council of Teachers of English. It is…

This curriculum guide is designed for both new and experienced teachers of educable mentally retarded pupils. It contains an explanation of the life-problem curricular concept and a discussion of the psychology of learning applicable to these pupils. Each section of the guide corresponds to the specific objectives listed in SO 000 473. They…

This collection of six articles on oral language is a product of the cooperative efforts of the National Conference on Research in English, the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, the International Reading Association, the Association for Childhood Education International, and the National Council of Teachers of English. It is…

This is the first of a two volume report on a Day Care Inventory designed to assess the day care child's understanding of his physical, social, and personal world. Theoretical and research literature on the development of the child, the available assessment techniques, and the results of an initial survey regarding day care objectives were the…

Malnutrition can be defined as a lack of a sufficient quantity or quality of nutrients to maintain the body system at some definable level of functioning. It has been estimated that nearly half the children in the world today grow and develop under conditions of protein or protein-calorie malnutrition sufficient to impair their physical…

A perception of limited autonomy in the environment of the low socioeconomic black child has important implications for educators. Firstly, since the educational setting is challenging and often fear-provoking for disadvantaged students, it would seem desirable to reduce the generalized expectancy of powerlessness that is characteristic of many of…

This paper examines resiliency and how it can be fostered through experiential programs. Resiliency is defined as the capacity to spring back, rebound, successfully adapt in the face of adversity, and develop social competence despite exposure to severe stress. A summary of research findings concerning resiliency presents the characteristics of…