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Cloth, Allison H.; Evans, Steven W.; Becker, Stephen P.; Paternite, Carl E. – Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 2014
The federal definition of emotional disturbance (ED) includes a social maladjustment (SM) exclusion clause that stipulates that students are not eligible for special education services if they are determined to be "socially maladjusted" and not also meeting criteria for ED. This clause has long been criticized for being ambiguous and…
Descriptors: Social Adjustment, Special Education, State Regulation, National Surveys