Although many adults take up or return to instrumental and vocal tuition every year, we know very little about how they experience it. As part of ongoing case study research, eight older learners with modest keyboard skills explored what their musical skills meant to them during conversation-based repertory grid interviews. The data were…

The authors' intention in writing this article is to dispel any fears and mysteries previously subscribed to about appreciating and creating music. Through simplification and isolation, the understanding of music will inevitably unfold as predictably and beautifully as a blossom on a warm summer day. Their hope is that, people may use this…

This Virginia framework for music instruction in kindergarten through 12th grade established objectives designed to develop concepts and skills, to encourage positive attitudes toward music as an art form, and to value music's role in daily life. The objectives are organized by grades and by choral and instrumental music experience. Sequential…

Early childhood music programs should be based on two interacting goals: (1) to teach those skills most appropriate to a particular level and (2) to nurture musical creativity and self-expression. Early childhood is seen as the optimum time for acquiring certain musical skills, of which the ability to sing in tune is considered primary. The vocal…

Major competencies are presented for music education in kindergarten through grade six of the Philadelphia school system. Music is seen to be a mode of expression in responding to and interpreting life and nature. It promotes development of aesthetic judgment. The competencies outlined in this document are derived from a comprehensive music…

This booklet identifies major competencies for each course offered in the secondary music education program in the Philadelphia school system. Music is seen to be a mode of expression in responding to and interpreting life and nature. It promotes the development of aesthetic judgment. The booklet outlines up to eight competencies for each of nine…

The guide presents learning objectives, course outlines, and resource lists for music courses in grades seven through 12. There are three major sections. Section one outlines required music programs and instrumental and choral programs for junior high students. The major objective is to orient students aesthetically to music and to develop skills…