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Chitalkina, Natalia; Puurtinen, Marjaana; Gruber, Hans; Bednarik, Roman – International Journal of Music Education, 2021
During music reading, performers create expectations of the upcoming music. When these expectations are violated due to changes in the notation, performers have to adjust their reading and adapt their motor responses to match this new information. In this study, we examine how selected background, outcome, and process measures reflect the…
Descriptors: Music Reading, Music Education, Psychomotor Skills, Singing
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Ketovuori, Mikko – International Journal of Music Education, 2015
This article investigates a piano-playing subject called "keyboard harmony." The subject was initially developed in the 1980s to give (K-12) schoolteachers the skills needed for accompanying singing in classrooms. Since keyboard harmony today has an official status in all Finnish music schools, both piano and general music teachers ought…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Music Teachers, Music Education, Preservice Teachers