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Download full textGumm, Alan J.; Battersby, Sharyn L.; Simon, Kathryn L.; Shankles, Andrew E. – Research and Issues in Music Education, 2011
The purpose of the present study was to identify whether conductors distinguish functions of conducting similarly to functions implied in previous research. A sample of 84 conductors with a full range of experience levels (M = 9.8) and of a full range of large ensemble types and ensemble age levels rated how much they pay attention to 82…
Descriptors: Age, Music, Construct Validity, Validity
Direct linkRuismaki, Heikki; Tereska, Tarja – European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 2006
This article studies early childhood musical experiences of Finnish pre-service elementary teachers (N=590). The article also analyses their connections between musical self-concept at student age and musical progress in teacher education. Research material was gathered by a questionnaire, which posed retrospective questions about childhood as…
Descriptors: Student Teachers, Music Education, Music, Singing
