One way to assist students in developing correct intuitive ideas about the effect of sample size is to allow students to simulate similar problems. Describes experiences with classes performing simulation using graphing calculators. (ASK)

Investigated Type I error rates of the likelihood-ratio test for the detection of differential item functioning (DIF) using Monte Carlo simulations under the graded-response model. Type I error rates were within theoretically expected values for all six combinations of sample sizes and ability-matching conditions at each of the nominal alpha…

Carried out simulations in which a set of morphologically-related words varying in semantic transparency were embedded in either a morphologically rich language (Hebrew) or an impoverished artificial language. Found that morphological priming increased with degree of semantic transparency in both languages. (Author/VWL)

Describes a classroom demonstration called the Gambler's Fallacy where students in an introductory psychology statistics class participate in simulated gambling using weekly results from professional football game outcomes over a 10 week period. Explains that the demonstration illustrates that random processes do not self-correct and statistical…

The bias and relative efficiency of two alternative estimators of optimal weights in meta-analysis were assessed through Monte Carlo simulation, defining the standardized mean differences as the effect-size index. The estimator proposed by L. Hedges and I. Olkin (1985) was more efficient than that of J. Hunter and F. Schmidt (1990). (SLD)

Standardized patients are subjects who accurately and consistently simulate presentation of medical cases as a method of assessing physician performance. This method is direct, valid, reliable, and feasible when focused on the patient-doctor interaction. (SK)

A Monte Carlo simulation study investigated the effects on 10 structural equation modeling fit indexes of sample size, estimation method, and model specification. Some fit indexes did not appear to be comparable, and it was apparent that estimation method strongly influenced almost all fit indexes examined, especially for misspecified models. (SLD)

Presents a series of simple and inexpensive hands-on activities with a host of extension lesson ideas that can be used to actively introduce students to the scientific theory of evolution. Lessons are designed to thwart common student difficulties. Classes are structured around a predator-prey simulation game that creates a springboard for…

A Rasch-type analysis is presented for multiple-choice items in which one parameter is assigned to each distractor. Results of a small simulation study show that the parameter recovery of the distractor model is very satisfactory. Analysis of a real dataset shows that some items fit the Rasch model rather than the distractor model. (SLD)

Assessed five procedures for estimating a common risk difference in a set of independent 2 x 2 tables through Monte Carlo simulation in terms of bias, efficiency, confidence level adjustment, and statistical power. The maximum likelihood estimator showed best performance, followed closely by the Cochran (W. Cochran, 1954) and Mantel-Haenszel (N.…

Examines the relationship of team cohesion, participant attitude, and performance expectations to actual performance results in a simulation competition. Findings indicate a strong relationship between beginning team cohesion and performance expectations and final game performance, but little relationship between beginning participant attitudes…

Gaming is discussed against a background of rationalist and historicist traditions of reality; trivial and nontrivial machine models of problem solving; and rigid-rule and free-form games. (JKP)

This update of the International Personnel Management Association's guidelines for organizational psychologists, human resource management specialists, and others addresses elements of assessment centers, policy statements, assessor training, informed participation, and participants' rights. (SK)

Demonstrates that connectionist models described in "Rethinking Innateness" (Elman, et al., 1996) depend on innately assumed representations and do not offer a genuine alternative to nativism. Presents simulation results showing that the models are incapable of deriving genuine abstract representations that are not presupposed. Maintains…

Provides asymptotic standard errors of the estimates of equated scores from several types of item response theory (IRT) true score equatings. Equating designs considered cover those with internal or external common items and separate or simultaneous estimation. Uses marginal maximum likelihood estimation for the estimation of item parameters. (SLD)