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Zelazo, Philip David; Carlson, Stephanie M. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
Executive function (EF) skills are a set of attention-regulation skills involved in intentional, goal-directed behavior that include (but are not limited to) the cool EF skills of working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control, and also the hot EF skill of intentional reevaluation. These skills are inevitably expressed in goal- and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Inhibition
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Zupan, Zorana; Blagrove, Elisabeth L.; Watson, Derrick G. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
By approximately 6 years of age, children can use time-based visual selection to ignore stationary stimuli, already in the visual field and prioritize the selection of newly arriving stimuli. This ability can be studied using preview search, a version of the visual search paradigm with an added temporal component, in which one set of distractors…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Visual Stimuli, Comparative Analysis, Adults
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Gómez-Pérez, M. Mar; Calero, M. Dolores; Mata, Sara – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2020
Growing up in a high family risk (HFR) environment is accompanied by difficulties in executive functions (EFs) and interpersonal skills (IS) that may persist into adulthood. Because preadolescence is a critical period, this study will assess a multicomponent mediational intervention program, to determine the possibility of improving these skills.…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Intervention, Preadolescents, Interpersonal Competence
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Demagistri, Maria Silvina; Richards, Maria Marta; Canet Juric, Lorena – Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2014
Introduction: Reading comprehension is a complex cognitive skill that has been associated with executive functions such as working memory (WM) and inhibition. Given that the development of these abilities continues through late adolescence, this study seeks to explore the role that both processes play with respect to varying levels of reading…
Descriptors: Incidence, Reading Comprehension, Executive Function, Short Term Memory
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Piekny, Jeanette; Grube, Dietmar; Maehler, Claudia – Metacognition and Learning, 2013
The focus of the present study is on the developmental antecedents of domain-general experimentation skills. We hypothesized that false-belief understanding would predict the ability to distinguish a conclusive from an inconclusive experiment. We conducted a longitudinal study with two assessment points (t1 and t2) to investigate this hypothesis.…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Preschool Children, Hypothesis Testing, Longitudinal Studies
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Zelazo, Philip David; Blair, Clancy B.; Willoughby, Michael T. – National Center for Education Research, 2016
Executive function (EF) skills are the attention-regulation skills that make it possible to sustain attention, keep goals and information in mind, refrain from responding immediately, resist distraction, tolerate frustration, consider the consequences of different behaviors, reflect on past experiences, and plan for the future. As EF research…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Attention Control, Educational Research, Learning Processes
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Miller, Meghan; Loya, Fred; Hinshaw, Stephen P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: We prospectively followed an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n = 140) and a matched comparison sample (n = 88) from childhood through young adulthood to evaluate developmental trajectories of executive functions (EF) and associations between EF trajectories…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Females, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Comparative Analysis
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Cepeda, Nicholas J.; Blackwell, Katharine A.; Munakata, Yuko – Developmental Science, 2013
The rate at which people process information appears to influence many aspects of cognition across the lifespan. However, many commonly accepted measures of "processing speed" may require goal maintenance, manipulation of information in working memory, and decision-making, blurring the distinction between processing speed and executive…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Decision Making
Lipsey, Mark W.; Nesbitt, Kimberly Turner; Farran, Dale C.; Dong, Nianbo; Fuhs, Mary Wagner; Wilson, Sandra Jo – Peabody Research Institute, 2014
Identifying and understanding the foundational skills children need to participate effectively in formal schooling is an important objective for research in early childhood education. One component of school readiness is cognitive self-regulation (CSR). The question this study addresses is how to assess CSR with prekindergarten-aged children in a…
Descriptors: Predictive Validity, Academic Achievement, Preschool Children, Self Control