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Patrick W. C. Lau; Huiqi Song; Di Song; Jing-Jing Wang; Shanshan Zhen; Lei Shi; Rongjun Yu – Child Development, 2024
This cross-sectional study explored the relationship between 24-hour movement behaviors and executive function (EF) in preschool children. A total of 426 Han Chinese preschoolers (231 males; 3.8 ± 0.6 years old) from Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China were selected from October 2021 to December 2021. Accelerometers were used to measure physical…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Motion, Preschool Children, Physical Activity Level
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Rosen, Maya L.; Hagen, McKenzie P.; Lurie, Lucy A.; Miles, Zoe E.; Sheridan, Margaret A.; Meltzoff, Andrew N.; McLaughlin, Katie A. – Child Development, 2020
Executive functions (EF), including working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, vary as a function of socioeconomic status (SES), with children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds having poorer performance than their higher SES peers. Using observational methods, we investigated cognitive stimulation in the home as a mechanism…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Socioeconomic Status, Socioeconomic Influences, Young Children
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Chen, Alexandra; Panter-Brick, Catherine; Hadfield, Kristin; Dajani, Rana; Hamoudi, Amar; Sheridan, Margaret – Child Development, 2019
The impacts of war and displacement on executive function (EF)--what we might call the cognitive signatures of "minds under siege"--are little known. We surveyed a gender-balanced sample of 12- to 18-year-old Syrian refugees (n = 240) and Jordanian non-refugees (n = 210) living in Jordan. We examined the relative contributions of…
Descriptors: Trauma, Adolescents, Refugees, Poverty
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Gonzalez-Barrero, Ana Maria; Nadig, Aparna S. – Child Development, 2019
This study investigated the effects of bilingualism on set-shifting and working memory in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Bilinguals with ASD were predicted to display a specific bilingual advantage in set-shifting, but not working memory, relative to monolinguals with ASD. Forty 6- to 9-year-old children participated (20 ASD, 20…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Short Term Memory
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Blakey, Emma; Visser, Ingmar; Carroll, Daniel J. – Child Development, 2016
Improvements in cognitive flexibility during the preschool years have been linked to developments in both working memory and inhibitory control, though the precise contribution of each remains unclear. In the current study, one hundred and twenty 2-, 3-, and 4-year-olds completed two rule-switching tasks. In one version, children switched rules in…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Preschool Children, Short Term Memory, Conceptual Tempo
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Milward, Sophie J.; Kita, Sotaro; Apperly, Ian A. – Child Development, 2017
Previous research has shown that children aged 4-5 years, but not 2-3 years, show adult-like interference from a partner when performing a joint task (Milward, Kita, & Apperly, 2014). This raises questions about the cognitive skills involved in the development of such "corepresentation (CR)" of a partner (Sebanz, Knoblich, &…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Children, Theory of Mind, Inhibition
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Doebel, Sabine; Rowell, Shaina F.; Koenig, Melissa A. – Child Development, 2016
The reported research tested the hypothesis that young children detect logical inconsistency in communicative contexts that support the evaluation of speakers' epistemic reliability. In two experiments (N = 194), 3- to 5-year-olds were presented with two speakers who expressed logically consistent or inconsistent claims. Three-year-olds failed to…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Epistemology, Reliability, Short Term Memory
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Zaitchik, Deborah; Iqbal, Yeshim; Carey, Susan – Child Development, 2014
There is substantial variance in the age at which children construct and deploy their first explicit theory of biology. This study tests the hypothesis that this variance is due, at least in part, to individual differences in their executive function (EF) abilities. A group of 79 boys and girls aged 5-7 years (with a mean age of 6½ years) were…
Descriptors: Hypothesis Testing, Executive Function, Abstract Reasoning, Biology
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Lagattuta, Kristin Hansen; Sayfan, Liat; Harvey, Christina – Child Development, 2014
Four- to 10-year-olds' and adults' (N = 263) ability to inhibit privileged knowledge and simulate a naïve perspective were examined. Participants viewed pictures that were then occluded aside from a small ambiguous part. They offered suggestions for how a naïve person might interpret the hidden pictures, as well as rated the probability…
Descriptors: Children, Adults, Inhibition, Perspective Taking
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Lee, Kerry; Bull, Rebecca; Ho, Ringo M. H. – Child Development, 2013
Although early studies of executive functioning in children supported Miyake et al.'s (2000) three-factor model, more recent findings supported a variety of undifferentiated or two-factor structures. Using a cohort-sequential design, this study examined whether there were age-related differences in the structure of executive functioning among…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Age Differences, Children, Adolescents
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Clark, Caron A. C.; Sheffield, Tiffany D.; Wiebe, Sandra A.; Espy, Kimberly A. – Child Development, 2013
Executive control (EC) is related to mathematics performance in middle childhood. However, little is known regarding how EC and informal numeracy differentially support mathematics skill acquisition in preschoolers. A sample of preschoolers (115 girls, 113 boys), stratified by social risk, completed an EC task battery at 3 years, informal numeracy…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Self Control, Mathematics Achievement, Numeracy