A model that describes conditions influencing the display of gender-related behavior is presented as a supplement to existent models of sex differences. The model emphasizes the degree to which gender-related behavior is variable, proximally caused, and context dependent. (Author/LMO)

Obtained two-week sleep diaries and four nights of laboratory recordings from 40 persons aged 50 to 70. Results showed no significant effect on sleep structure associated with employment status. Retirement appeared to increase the amount of sleep, generally the result of earlier bedtimes rather than later awakenings. (JAC)

Assessed sexual maturation and sociosexual behaviors in 101 nine- to 11-year-old low and middle income Black children. Data confirmed that girls were more advanced in sexual maturation than boys. Results of a self-report behavior scale indicated sexual behavior was related to physical development in boys but not girls. (JAC)

Authors investigated the hypothesis that differences in aggressive behavior may partly be a function of differences (a) in the perception of aggressive cues, or (b) in the degree in which retaliation is expected. (Authors)

This study reflects the findings of previous studies as reported in the literature. This paper establishes a signi6931nt 496f5r5nce between males and females as to reasons for smoking. Males start because their parents smoke or their siblings smoke. That which most effectively deters them is a concern for health. Females are more open to…

Tests Reiss' hypothesis that among conservatives those of higher social status are less permissive than those of lower status while among liberals the relationship is in the opposite direction. Both a chi-square test and a sign test were applied to the data; neither test confirmed Reiss' hypothesis. An extraordinarily strong relationship between…

Interviewed 20 female and 44 male bartenders. Findings indicated that both male and female bartenders are reliable reporters of their own and their customers' drinking behaviors and are aware of causes of problem drinking. Both male and female bartenders were positive about taking courses in alcoholism. (Author/RC)

Analyzed data of marriages in England and Wales in 1976 to determine patterns of variation with age of age differences for males and females in marriage. Data indicated both sexes are more likely to marry an older person at the age of 50 than at the age of 30. (Author/RC)

The Death Anxiety Scale and questions about helping the elderly were administered to undergraduates. An inverse relationship exists for females between death anxiety and the tendency to help the elderly. (Author)

Compared male and female managers' communication style with subordinates in staff meetings. A category system was developed for coding communicative behaviors. Managers were administered the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Results indicated that male and female managers demonstrated similar communication styles and similar masculine perceptions of…

Therapists were compared for intrasession initiative behavior with a standard female client as well as with nonstandard female clients. No differences were found between male and female therapists on this behavior dimension. (Author)

Investigates behavioral characteristics of 223 runaway and homeless youth who sought services from programs in New York. Results suggest that behavioral indicators of maltreatment can be observed among runaway and homeless youth. Indicators vary as a function of gender, maltreatment, and reasons for seeking assistance. (RJC)