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Current Limits to Reinforcer Identification for Some Persons with Profound Multiple Disabilities.
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Ivancic, Martin T.; Bailey, Jon S. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1996
Two experiments with 15 individuals having profound mental retardation found difficulties in identifying reinforcers that were actually effective in treatment of chronic training needs. Research needs in evaluating training alternatives for people with profound multiple disabilities who move very little or who respond with very long latencies are…
Descriptors: Identification, Multiple Disabilities, Positive Reinforcement, Program Effectiveness
Difficulties in Relationships between Nonhandicapped and Severely Mentally Retarded Children: The Effect of Physical Impairments.
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Cole, David A. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1988
Reevaluation of two studies on relationships between nonhandicapped and severely mentally retarded children (ages 8-12) suggested that nonhandicapped children work harder, receive and emit fewer social reinforcers, have less opportunity to play and have fun, and achieve lower levels of social play when the playmate is physically handicapped as…
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Friendship, Interpersonal Relationship, Multiple Disabilities
Aggression and Psychopathology in Persons with Severe or Profound Mental Retardation.
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Bihm, Elson M.; Poindexter, Ann R.; Warren, Elizabeth R. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1998
This study examined aggression and psychopathology in 70 persons with severe or profound mental retardation. Most aggressive episodes were directed toward other clients; aggression was positively correlated with self-injury, stereotypic behavior, and being ambulatory. Aggression was most consistently predicted by dependent personality and…
Descriptors: Aggression, Correlation, Emotional Disturbances, Multiple Disabilities
Extending Microswitch-Based Programs for People with Multiple Disabilities: Use of Words and Choice Opportunities.
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Lancioni, Giulio E.; Singh, Nirbhay N.; O'Reilly, Mark F.; Oliva, Doretta – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2003
This study assessed a microswitch-based program in which three request and one choice microswitches were used for two participants with multiple disabilities. Each request switch was linked to different stimulation opportunities. Both participants learned to use the microswitches very rapidly. Responding levels were high during intervention and…
Descriptors: Communication Aids (for Disabled), Communication Disorders, Generalization, Intervention
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Adults with Severe and Profound Mental Retardation.
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Fox, Robert A.; Wade, Erin J. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1998
A study investigated the incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in 86 adults with severe mental retardation. Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 15% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria. This measure was not influenced by chronological age, adaptive age, IQ, or gender. (Author/CR)
Descriptors: Adults, Attention Deficit Disorders, Clinical Diagnosis, Disability Identification
Positive Side Effects in the Treatment of SIB Using the Self-Injurious Behavior Inhibiting System (SIBIS): Implications for Operant and Biochemical Explanations of SIB.
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Linscheid, Thomas R.; And Others – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1994
The rate of self-injurious head hitting in an eight-year old with severe/profound mental retardation was reduced using contingent electric shock delivered via the Self Injurious Behavior Inhibiting System. An improved affective state and increased interaction with the environment were documented. Treatment gains were maintained at one-year…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Case Studies, Contingency Management, Males
Nonambulatory Persons with Profound Mental Retardation: Physical, Developmental, and Behavioral Characteristics.
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Kobe, Frank H.; And Others – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1994
This study presents data on the physical, developmental, and behavioral characteristics of a group of 203 nonambulatory persons with profound mental retardation. It found a high prevalence of physical and medical problems, as well as high rates of self-injurious, stereotypic, and aggressive behavior and high variability in cognitive and adaptive…
Descriptors: Adaptive Behavior (of Disabled), Adults, Aggression, Behavior Patterns
Using Decelerative Contingencies to Reduce the Self-Injurious Behavior of People with Multiple Handicaps: The Effects of Response Satiation?
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Realon, Rodney E.; Konarski, Edward A., Jr. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1993
The response satiation model of instrumental performance was used in two experiments to establish contingencies which reduced the self-injurious behavior of two adults with profound mental retardation and multiple handicaps. Transfer and generalization of training effects were also observed. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Contingency Management, Generalization
Training Social Skills to Severely Mentally Retarded Multiply Handicapped Adolescents.
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Matson, Johnny L.; And Others – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1988
Three severely mentally retarded, multiply handicapped adolescents were treated in a classroom setting for social skill deficits. Treatment focused on increasing eye contact and strengthening on-task and in-seat behaviors. Results suggested that a combination of visual stimuli, operant, and social learning methods can be used to successfully…
Descriptors: Adolescent Development, Diagnostic Teaching, Eye Contact, Interpersonal Communication