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Kippin, Natalie R.; Leitão, Suze; Watkins, Rochelle; Finlay-Jones, Amy – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2021
Background: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with growth deficits and neurodevelopmental impairment including foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Difficulties with oral and written communication skills are common among children with PAE; however, less is known about how communication skills of adolescents who have PAE compare…
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Speech Communication, Writing Skills, Adolescents
Ehri, Linnea C. – 1985
Focusing on research about children's acquisition of reading and spelling skills, this paper discusses the larger picture of reading acquisition, issues addressed by research, and results of this research. The paper cites numerous studies on the subject, including studies on whether environmental print experiences enable young children to process…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Decoding (Reading), Early Reading, Elementary Education

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