These guides focus on reading fluency and reading comprehension. Part I focuses on the instructional techniques called Partner Reading because of its strong empirical base across readers who fail to acquire reading fluency for any number of reasons. Part II focuses on reading comprehension, which is one of several essential skills that enable…

This professional development guide is designed for educators who work with secondary students who are struggling in reading and writing and who need intensive, individualized instruction to improve their skills. Examples of students for whom this guide is intended include: students with disabilities, English language learners, and low-achieving…