Experiences of a San Francisco, California, kindergarten teacher whose students include 15 limited English speaking children are recounted, and observations on English Language Development (ELD) teaching strategies are offered. It is noted that the kindergarten program and classroom setting are both conducive to and appropriate for second language…

Personality has largely been ignored or written off as a variable in second language learning. However, it should be considered as an alternative research perspective for four reasons: (1) the writing off of personality variables in second language research has been unjustified, and results from giving credibility to studies based on ill-conceived…

The role of learning strategies in independent learning, particularly second language learning, is discussed. It is argued that "learning to learn" is a necessary, although not sufficient, condition for independent learning. It is also not innate, but must be taught. The learner must learn to define his objectives, accomplish them, evaluate…

Six specific second language learning theories are presented and for each, an example of a practical, classroom application is provided. The theories include the following: (1) it is important to create a positive atmosphere in the classroom because cognitive learning increases when self-concept improves; (2) activities that employ multiple senses…

The English as a second language curriculum outlined in this guide was developed to meet the needs of non-English-speaking secondary school students in Texas. Emphasis is laid on the development of survival language skills. Two levels of instruction are presented, in which the teacher is asked to coordinate activities, materials, and evaluation…

A resource kit for the teaching of French at the intermediate level is represented by a teacher's guide and the duplicating master for a tape transcript. The aim of this module is to make the elementary or secondary school student of French familiar with basic hockey terms in French, and to enable the student to understand hockey games broadcast…

The workbook for the fourth level of the "Learning English as a Second Language" series follows the basic principle employed in the first three levels of the series: in learning a second language there must be emphasis on hearing, imitation, and practice, then on reading and writing. The workbook, entirely in English, is written for children in…

This guide is a documentation of the curricular components which evolved during a two-year pilot course in one of the senior high schools of Prince George's County, Maryland. It is a one-semester, nonsequential course intended for students desiring an introduction to the language without in-depth exposure. The objectives of such a course involve…

256 undergraduate students of Spanish responded to questionnaire concerning their: (1) experiences with Spanish and other languages in and out of the classroom; (2) comfort level in various aspects of using Spanish; and (3) motivation for taking Spanish courses. A significant relationship was drawn between student's outside experience and his or…

This paper describes two different English programs for international students at the American Language Institute in San Diego, California. One is English for Academic Purposes (EAP), and the other is Intensive English for Communication (IEC). The paper focuses on one teacher's experiences teaching IEC writing after 2 years of teaching EAP…

This paper is about teaching writing for academic purposes to non-native speakers of English at English-medium universities in such differing contexts as Japan and Spain. It provides an analysis of the role of nominal groups in academic registers, along with data from Japanese and Spanish student essays written for English language courses at the…

This document consists of the facilitator's guide and the participant's guide for lesson planning in the adult English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) classroom. The facilitator's guide contains the instructions, overheads, and reference materials for a 6-hour workshop on lesson planning for the adult ESL classroom. It is designed to be used by the…

This annotated bibliography provides a summary of relevant and contemporary resources available in the ARIS Resource collection related to English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) or second language literacy. The summaries have been broadly classified to enable readers to locate their immediate area of interest. "Background Readings on Second…

This document, comprising volume 5, issues 1-3 of Learning Languages: The Journal of the National Network for Early Language Learning (NNELL), includes the following articles: "Poverty, Race, and Foreign Language Immersion: Predictors of Math and English Language Arts Performance" (Stephen J. Caldas, Nicole Boudreaux); "Meet a…

This paper examines disagreement over how second language learning tasks create conditions needed for language acquisition by exploring and comparing three second language acquisition theories: input-based; output-based; and interactionist. Each theory is described, and some new conclusions are drawn. It is argued that a task should: be…