Supports and expands upon S. P. Corder's theory that all the utterances of a language learner are well-formed and appropriate. (PMP)

Social norms, situational and geographic considerations, formality of spoken language desired, and educational attitudes ranging from normative to permissive inhibit the determination of instructional criteria. (Text is in French.) (Author/MSE)

"Fronting", that is, placing direct and indirect objects at the beginning of the sentence, is a typical characteristic of the "school English" of German pupils. The linguistic analysis of the learning problem is supplemented by pedagogic and methodological considerations. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Discusses the notion of bilingualism, the role of interference in language instruction to bilingual students, training for language teachers, and socio-cultural factors in second language learning. (Text is in French.) (AM)

Part II of the first author's PhD dissertation, submitted to McGill University, Montreal, Canada (1965).

An alternative method of language learning is proposed based on the theory of "Personal Construct Psychology." It is suggested as a resolution of the impasse that seems to exist between linguistic and psychological theories of learning. Certain techniques are offered to enable learners to exteriorize their cognitive categories and their…

Indo-Chinese immigrants to Western countries often have some knowledge of French. When the language of the community to which they have come is related to French, favorable and unfavorable language learning situations may arise. In the case of immigration to English-speaking countries, some specific lexical transfer processes may occur because…

Behaviorist/structuralist language teachers and theoreticians are beginning to pay attention to contributions from contemporary linguists, psychologists, and educators. This paper draws attention to an obvious, but not often considered, point of interest to all who are engaged in formal language instruction and in related fields. Classroom…

This paper attempts to provide a framework within which the terminology used to talk about the learner's interlanguage may be defined so as to represent categories of types of interlanguage phenomena which are often discussed by teachers and researchers interested in second language acquisition. Several distinct types of "communication…

One of the essential differences between teaching a first and a second language is that the former is merely learned whereas the latter must usually be taught. This difference, while not absolute, still has enormous consequences. Although the "natural method" of second-language teaching is often championed, there is no way whereby the…

The recognition of the systematic nature of the interference of the mother tongue when learning a second language is among the most significant advances in linguistics for the teaching and learning of foreign languages. The work of Weinreich showed that interference between language systems--the absorption of loan words, calques, and phonological,…

Discussed in this paper are reasons why people who speak second languages may not speak or write them with native-speaker-like fluency. These second-language deficiencies may be the results of (1) interference, the use of aspects of another language at a variety of levels; (2) strategies of learning such as over overgeneralization and analogy by…

Differences in culture, language, and educational setting contribute to the difficulties Navajo children experience in learning to read English. In Kenneth Goodman's latest research, examining the reading behavior of eight groups of children (four speaking a rural dialect and four for whom English is a second language), the Navajo children showed…

Berlin gymnasium students were found to make errors in English word order traceable to German word order and to "hypercorrectness" in avoiding the latter. A suggested taxonomy of errors is presented. A functional language theory is needed to provide the learner with insight into sources of errors. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)