Recent calls for the "annulment of Spain exceptionalism" (Herlihy-Mera 7) in Spanish programs across developmental levels in the United States, and a greater emphasis on local Spanish language communities and practices compelled the author to reassess her scholarly background as a "Peninsularist" and her approach to teaching…

Arabic grammar textbooks often contain complex and detailed explanations that can make them challenging for students to master and understand. The utilization of technology can now help resolve this issue through web-based infographic innovations. Infographics are a method of presenting information that is easy and quick to comprehend, which suits…

Multimodality is an important component of the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. Among its myriad elements, one that has not been addressed in recent research is the importance of engaging in the creation of multimodal texts in EFL classes. This study investigates how adding lessons focused on the creation of multimodal texts in EFL…

Most EFL classrooms focus on building students' grammatical accuracy by learning rules and demonstrating mastery of form through exam-oriented assessments, rather than building fluency in the language by applying grammar in communication to make meaning. Moreover, grammar instruction is often rooted in materials that lack relevance to students'…

Motivational factors have long attracted the attention of researchers and educators with their potential to shed light on what drives effective language learning. Although current research now views language learning motivation as a Complex Dynamic System (CDS), there is a dearth of empirical studies utilizing network analysis to understand how…

In today's globalised world, a single named language such as English, Norwegian or Spanish, no matter how 'big' it is, rarely satisfies all the needs of communication, cooperation, education or any other area of human life. Neither is the entire language repertoire plausible for everyday use, simply because it is impossible to use too many…

This article addresses the need for increased representation in instructional materials of people with disabilities. It argues not only for materials that show people with disabilities engaging in all facets of daily second language (L2) culture but also for materials that challenge students to reflect on products and practices that continue to…

This study utilizes Appraisal Theory, Visual Grammar Theory and the concept of peace values to conduct its investigation. Specifically, this study centers on the discursive methods employed to instill peace values, encompassing (1) the frequency of their occurrence, (2) the use of visual elements and (3) the incorporation of narrative elements for…

Augmented Reality (AR) technology, as one of the emerging innovative technologies, is proven to have the potential to facilitate second language acquisition in terms of contextualized visualization and learning interactivity. Nevertheless, no empirical research has been conducted on the use of an AR-assisted approach to help adult Chinese language…

This replication study seeks to extend the generalizability of an exploratory study (McDonough et al., 2019) that identified holds (i.e., temporary cessation of dynamic movement by the listener) as a reliable visual cue of non-understanding. Conversations between second language (L2) English speakers in the Corpus of English as a Lingua Franca…

This study investigates university students' perceptions and impressions of a visually stimulating syllabus, focusing on its effectiveness in conveying course expectations and its influence on initial impressions of instructors. A mixed-methods approach was used to gather quantitative and qualitative data from 168 university-level…

Embodied models of language comprehension assume that words become associated with sensorimotor experiences during word learning. Novel word learning paradigms may provide insight into embodied effects, but studies in this domain have yet to account for how concepts and information known in first language (L1) might influence the sensorimotor…

Infographics, which can present the message to be conveyed to the target person or audience by combining multiple coding systems such as text, line, picture, photograph, video, map, sound, enable the regular, effective and efficient transfer of large amounts of complex information, data or knowledge. They, which have become increasingly popular…

In this article we identify ways to scaffold content-specific instruction to support your multilingual learners' academic language development. With the definition that academic language compromises of vocabulary, linguistic functions, and syntax, we share ways to integrate three instructional practices across your instruction. These practices…

Typical print formatting provides no information regarding the linguistic features of a text, although texts vary considerably with respect to grammatical complexity and readability. Complex texts may be particularly challenging for individuals with weak language knowledge, such as English language learners. This paper investigates the usefulness…