Drawing upon Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory (SCT), this study aimed at investigating the effect of two writing modes, namely, peer-mediated/collaborative vs. individual writing on measures of fluency, accuracy, and complexity of female EFL learners' writing. Based on an in-house placement test and the First Certificate in English writing paper, a…

Limited English speaking elementary students were provided a structured opportunity for natural language practice with their fluent peers. Limited effect on language proficiency was found. However, the discussion emphasizes the importance of using fluent students' language input, an often ignored resource, in designing ESL programs. (MSE)

This report presents a description of a seminar in American culture and English-as-a-second-language which allows the students to learn what they want, at their own rate. The teacher serves as a guide and helps the student plan and evaluate his studies. Students may also assume the function of communicating knowledge or ability to each other.…

Texts of conference papers and summaries of colloquia on classroom environment and interaction in second language teaching are presented, including: "Fluency Development" (James Dean Brown); "Learner Development: Three Designs" (in Japanese) (Hiroko Naito, Yoshitake Tonia, Takao Kinugawa, Morio Hamada); "Desirable Japanese Teachers and Classroom…