Background Study: With the rapid transition to remote learning necessitated by the closure of traditional educational infrastructures globally, the arena of informal digital learning of English (IDLE) has received much attention, particularly among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in China. Objective: This study explores how…

Age of Acquisition (AoA) scores approximate the age at which a language speaker fully understands a word's semantic meaning and represent a quantitative measure of the relative difficulty of words in a language. AoA word lists exist across various languages, with English having the most complete lists that capture the largest percentage of the…

Age of Acquisition (AoA) scores approximate the age at which a language speaker fully understands a word's semantic meaning and represent a quantitative measure of the relative difficulty of words in a language. AoA word lists exist across various languages, with English having the most complete lists that capture the largest percentage of the…

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) are transforming language education by enabling more effective instructional practices and enhanced learning outcomes. AI-driven technologies--including tutoring systems, personalized learning platforms, and automated assessment tools--have the potential to revolutionize classroom instruction.…

Widespread use of English in the academia and in business is leading an increasing number of people to learn it as a second or a foreign language. Computer aided pronunciation training (CAPT) systems are used by non-native English speakers for improving their English pronunciation. A typical CAPT tool records the speech of a learner, detects and…