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Direct linkZabala Delgado, Julia; Rouveyrol, Laurent – Language Learning in Higher Education, 2022
Verbal interaction has been the subject of a growing interest among language professionals in Europe since the CEFR was published in 2001; in linguistics, verbal interaction has long been studied. In the Bakhtinian approach, it is even considered "the fundamental reality of language". All types of interaction share the fact that they are…
Descriptors: Spanish, French, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Vandeweerd, Nathan; Housen, Alex; Paquot, Magali – Language Testing, 2023
This study investigates whether re-thinking the separation of lexis and grammar in language testing could lead to more valid inferences about proficiency across modes. As argued by Römer, typical scoring rubrics ignore important information about proficiency encoded at the lexis-grammar interface, in particular how the co-selection of lexical and…
Descriptors: French, Language Tests, Grammar, Second Language Learning
Alderson, J. Charles – Language Testing, 2009
In this article, the author reviews the TOEFL iBT which is the latest version of the TOEFL, whose history stretches back to 1961. The TOEFL iBT was introduced in the USA, Canada, France, Germany and Italy in late 2005. Currently the TOEFL test is offered in two testing formats: (1) Internet-based testing (iBT); and (2) paper-based testing (PBT).…
Descriptors: Oral Language, Writing Tests, Listening Comprehension Tests, Test Reviews
