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Direct linkByram, Michael – Language Learning Journal, 2023
The "Common European Framework of Reference for Languages" has been a major influence on language teaching in Europe and beyond and its "Companion Volume" will probably have the same significance. It is important therefore that education professionals understand the underlying concepts, including the conceptualisation of the…
Descriptors: Rating Scales, Self Concept, Language Proficiency, Second Language Instruction
Byram, Michael – Language Learning Journal, 2022
The CEFR was conceived as part of the Council of Europe's project 'Language Learning for European Citizenship'. The social and political context out of which this project grew has often been lost from view. This is perhaps due to the success of the CEFR not only within Europe but also worldwide. That success is largely due to the quality of the…
Descriptors: Guidelines, Rating Scales, Language Proficiency, Second Language Learning
Peer reviewedByram, Michael – British Journal of Language Teaching, 1982
Discusses the importance of encouraging students not only to study, but to become proficient in a second language. (EKN)
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Global Approach, Language Attitudes, Language Proficiency
