The impact of Nancy Hornberger's Continua of Biliteracy is here considered. The paper identifies the flows that the Continua has made possible and the ways in which its conceptualization within a multidimensional multidisciplinary dynamic space has transformed not only the study of biliteracy itself but also the broader aspects of sociolinguistics…

The concept of translanguaging is increasingly prevalent in the field of foreign language teaching, generating efforts to understand how foreign language teachers use translanguaging and introduce its benefits in the classroom. However, current understandings of teachers' uses of translanguaging do not yet sufficiently reflect its complexity.…

Against the background of increasing internationalization, Chinese-foreign cooperative education programs are growing in the Chinese higher education sector. With the international teaching environment combined with the local IC education concept, Chinese-foreign cooperative education programs are potentially the ideal platform for the complete…

For the past three decades, momentum has gathered in favour of a multilingual turn in second language acquisition research and teaching. "Multicompetence" has been proposed to replace "nativeness" and "monolingualism" to measure L2 learners' success. This proposed shift has not made its way into L2 teaching settings.…

Diversity is valued and promoted in contemporary public discourse, but on the other hand, there is a strong tendency to homogenize differences in society. The tension between diversity and homogeneity is palpable on U.S. college campuses as the number of international students has been ever-increasing. A more nuanced approach is needed to grapple…

This study aims to examine language dominance and language switching effects in a series of monolingual and multilingual lexical decisions in which participants have to decide if the presented letter string is a word or not, regardless of language. Thirty participants (12 French-English bilinguals and 18 French-English-Spanish trilinguals) were…

Discusses two problematic cases that arose when the Matrix Language frame model of codeswitching was applied to Arabic diglossic switching: a co-occurrence of system morphemes from both varieties of Arabic within a single CP; and CPs in which the word order is that of the dialect but the system morphemes are from Standard Arabic and CPs in which…

Presents evidence of a study of speakers of English as a Second Language that cross-language transfer effects interact with developmental effects in the construction of second language (L2) syllable structures. Argues that the optimality theory provides a more explicit account than the minimal sonority distance parameter setting model regarding…

Focuses on the importance of developing the native language (L1), i.e., "Bahasa Melayu," as a firm foundation for the learning of a second language (L2) in Brunei and analyzes problems facing learners of "Bahasa Melayu" and English in Brunei classrooms. Saravanan's response focuses on the structure of the Brunesian bilingual…

Reviews the literature on second language medium of instruction and educational achievement in Kenya using classroom data from English, Kiswahili, and mother tongue mathematics lessons and from lessons where code switching occurred. Argues that regardless of the instructional medium, a transmissional model of teaching and learning predominates.…

Analyzes classroom practice in Brunei and suggests alternative teaching strategies to enable teachers to more easily manipulate the classroom culture to achieve the objectives of the bilingual education system while maintaining class control. McLellan argues that in a multilingual situation, the lines between languages are fuzzy so extent that…