Author describes the major works of Louis Pasteur. (PS)

Discusses the origins of the President's Science Adviser and his Science Advisory Committee and the National Science Foundation. (RH)

Discusses how the celebration of the centennial of the electric lamp raises the claim of the supporters of Sir Joseph Swan in England that Swan not Edison was the first inventor of the light bulb. (HM)

Examines the impacts and consequences of the politicalization of science, the shift from an international to a national orientation in the scientific enterprise, and the professionalization of the scientific community, all of which have developed in the last century. Provides examples of each trend, including the case of German science in and…

Newton's contribution to measure a phenomenon quantitatively and explain results along the lines of mechanical philosophy has been accepted as a common approach of science. Describes many of the mathematical relationships based on these lines that Newton found about different phenomena. (PS)

Examines two views about acceptance of Darwin's theory by scientists in Great Britain; that all scientists had accepted it within ten years after the publication of "Origin of Species," and that young scientists accepted the theory faster than old scientists. Concludes that both views are not accurate. (GA)

Presented is an overall view of the history of science in Spanish America prior to 1820. Excluded are the accomplishments of non-Spanish scientists with no social or cultural ties to the countries of the region. (SL)

Suggests that there are possible dangers in using the history of science in science education. Examines arguments that young and impressionable students at the start of a scientific career should be shielded from the writings of contemporary science historians. (JR)

The history of the Journal "Science" is described as it relates to problems in publication, editors, financing and collaboration. The success of the journal is attributed to the backing by prominent patrons including two inventors, Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison. (SA)

This article is a summary of James M. Cattell's editorship of the journal "Science" and role in establishing it as America's most important scientific journal. Included is the transfer of ownership to the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). (SA)

The period of 1946 to 1962 for "Science" is described as a period of muddling through solutions to internal and external problems and challenges. The perseverence of "Science" is credited to the staff and scientists who acted as editors, references, and contributors. (SA)

Reviews data concerning the communication and organization patterns underlying major advances and changes of research direction in science. Coherent groups typically had a broad theoretical approach and were outside the mainstream of current work, whatever their scientific field. (AL)

Reported is an investigation of the social origins of American scientists and scholars. Exhaustive data, gathered over a 40 year period, were reviewed and were gathered from sources reflecting geographical, baccalaureate, and social class variations. To a significant extent these variations were associated with the kind of a religious-ethnic group…

This is a summary of the period between 1960 and 1979 in the history of the journal, "Science." It is a personal account by the executive officer of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) from 1954 to 1970, concerning the publication of a major journal. (SA)

The value of communication in the preservation of scientific knowledge is described as it relates to the specialized scientific journals. The discipline of peer review is described as the major factor in keeping the scientific enterprise relatively honest. (SA)