Using an outline format accompanied by numerous photographs and sketches, this brochure explores the relationship of "school" to people's conceptions, actions, and physical surroundings, highlighting changes over the past 20 years in Scandinavian school design. Two major conceptual changes are decentralized administration and teaching…

The article describes considerations in modifying school buildings for maximum accessibility for severely handicapped students. A field tested survey designed for use by school administrators is also included in its entirety. (Author)

Offers tips on energy efficiency and building design that can help schools reduce operating costs, improve academic performance, address health and safety issues, and protect the environment. (EV)

The manual is intended to help school districts comply with federal mandates for physical accessibility and least restrictive settings for handicapped elementary school children. A general introduction to the accessibility concept in chapter 1 considers the historical background, the role of the physical environment, and existing federal…

This paper discusses the process of updating school capacity, which is subject to change from a variety of factors (to comply with current building codes, changes in educational programs, changes in class size, expansion of educational services, and scheduling). The paper describes the two major components of updating school capacity: the program…

Trends in postcompulsory education are examined and strategies are suggested for effective provision of buildings and equipment in this summary of a symposium organized by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Programme on Educational Building and the Ministry of Education, Finland. Although participating countries'…

The number of students in schools is growing, and school boards are faced with the choice to renovate or build new schools. Terms used when talking about remodeling and building schools are defined. Formulas to use when challenged by the renovate-or-rebuild dilemma and questions that need consideration during the decision-making process are…

This publication is an introductory guide to the use of computers for the planning and design of educational facilities. After a brief introduction, the first chapter provides a flowchart of the planning and design process for educational buildings. Chapter 2 explains elementary computing concepts such as hardware and software and diagrams the…

This document presents educational specifications for a new high school in Ridley school District in Pennsylvania. The specifications are offered by the school's administration and faculty. They address in detail the following areas: (1) exterior (including site and building exterior); (2) building interior; (3) classrooms; (4) department centers;…

Evaluating educational facilities requires utilizing an effective assessment process. The five key components of space adequacy are scheduling efficiency, design efficiency, technical capacity, practical capacity, site capacity, and suitability. Assessment of the physical adequacy of school building should explore the following areas:…

The National School Boards Association's Council of Attorneys has designed this monograph to assist school attorneys and administrators involved in school construction projects to know how to select a qualified architect, understand the relationship between an architect and school district, and prepare to negotiate a contract with an architect.…

This manual is intended to provide guidance for the protection of school buildings and their occupants from natural disasters, and the economic losses and social disruption caused by building damage and destruction. This volume concentrates on grade schools, K-12. This publication covers earthquakes, floods, and high winds. Its intended audience…

This booklet is designed to facilitate open, clear communication between educational facility planners and the architects hired to oversee building design and construction. It provides a list of architectural, electrical, plumbing, and topographical symbols; a glossary of architectural terms; and a list of public agencies and relevant codes and…

This publication provides an overview of the energy crisis in schools. This overview has been written for school administrators who desire to understand their energy problems and to know what to do to conserve energy in their schools. Included are: (1) the impact of the energy crisis on the nation and the schools; (2) what state education agencies…

This bulletin is intended as a resource for school system facility planners and architects who design schools. Ways in which decision makers can incorporate environmental concerns in the design of school buildings are detailed. Focus is on the design of interior partition systems. Partition systems in schools serve several purposes; they define…