The traditional theory of Chinese writing is that it is divorced from the language because as a non-alphabetic system, it cannot represent real speech. Chinese writing, however, is a functional linguistic system in its own right. Writing does not need to be totally dependent on speech, but can be related either to the phonological or the semantic…

THIS INTRODUCTORY MANUAL OF SPOKEN TIBETAN IS INTENDED FOR THE ADULT STUDENT WITH SOME KNOWLEDGE OF LINGUISTICS. THE FIRST OF THE ELEVEN UNITS IN THIS TEXT DEALS WITH ASPIRATION, POINTS OF ARTICULATION, VOWELS, TONES, CONSONANT FINALS OF MONOSYLLABIC WORDS, AND STRESS. FOLLOWING UNITS INTRODUCE FURTHER SYNTACTIC FEATURES OF THE LANGUAGE, PRESENTED…

These two volumes contain Lesson Units 16-41 in the Defense Language Institute's 12-week course in Japanese. (See AL 002 223 for Volume I, Lessons Units 1-15 and AL 002 225 for Volume IV, Lesson Units 42-55 and Volume V, Glossary.) (AMM)

These two volumes comprise Lesson Units 42-55 (Volume IV), and a comprehensive Glossary (Volume V) which accompanies this 12-week Defense Language Institute course in beginning Japanese. (See AL 002 223 for Volume I--Introduction and Lesson Units 1-15, and AL 002 224 for Volumes II and III--Lesson Units 16-27 and 28-41.) (AMM)

This first volume in the Defense Language Institute's 12-week course in Japanese presents an introduction to Japanese phonology for the non-linguist beginning student, and a description of the format used throughout the DLI series (perception drills, dialogues with English equivalents, grammar notes, and exercises and conversations). This volume…

THIS BEGINNING CHINESE TEXT IS THE OUTGROWTH OF THE AUTHOR'S EXPERIENCE IN TEACHING CHINESE TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WHO HAVE NOT HAD A CHINESE LINGUISTIC OR CULTURAL BACKGROUND. THE FORMAT AND ILLUSTRATIONS ARE SPECIALLY DESIGNED TO BE ATTRACTIVE TO CHILDREN. BASED ON THE AUDIO-LINGUAL APPROACH, THIS VOLUME PRESENTS A PROGRESSIVELY GRADED…

FOLLOWING THE FORMAT OF "MODERN CHINESE FOR THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, FIRST YEAR," WHICH INTRODUCED IN YALE ROMANIZATION THE BASIC SPEECH SOUNDS AND SIMPLE SPEECH PATTERNS OF SPOKEN MANDARIN CHINESE, THIS VOLUME PRESENTS NEW AND MORE COMPLICATED SPEECH PATTERNS AND EXTENDED VOCABULARY AS WELL AS A SIMPLIFIED INTRODUCTION TO THE WRITING…

This paper explores the range of arguments and sentiments regarding the promotion and/or abolition of types of Chinese scripts. The written representations of Cantonese in Hong Kong, Mandarin in Taiwan as well as Mandarin in China are examined via issues of identity and of discourse both at national and international levels. Chinese scripts are…