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Direct linkBrown, Kevin L.; Freeman, John H. – Learning & Memory, 2014
Eyeblink conditioning is a well-established model for studying the developmental neurobiology of associative learning and memory. However, age differences in extinction and subsequent reacquisition have yet to be studied using this model. The present study examined extinction and reacquisition of eyeblink conditioning in developing rats. In…
Descriptors: Animals, Conditioning, Neurological Organization, Associative Learning
Kattner, Florian; Ellermeier, Wolfgang; Tavakoli, Paniz – Learning and Motivation, 2012
Whereas previous evaluative conditioning (EC) studies produced inconsistent results concerning the role of contingency knowledge, there are classical eye-blink conditioning studies suggesting that declarative processes are involved in trace conditioning but not in delay conditioning. In two EC experiments pairing neutral sounds (conditioned…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Contingency Management, Role, Correlation
Lohnas, Lynn J.; Kahana, Michael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
According to the retrieved context theory of episodic memory, the cue for recall of an item is a weighted sum of recently activated cognitive states, including previously recalled and studied items as well as their associations. We show that this theory predicts there should be compound cuing in free recall. Specifically, the temporal contiguity…
Descriptors: Cues, Recall (Psychology), Meta Analysis, Correlation
Meier, Beat; Rothen, Nicolas – Neuropsychologia, 2009
The goal of this study was to investigate whether behavioural and physiological consequences of synaesthesia can be elicited by training specific letter-colour associations. Towards this goal 20 non-synaesthetic individuals were trained for 10 min on 7 consecutive days to associate four different letters with four specific colours. After training,…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Color, Physiology, Graphemes
Roitman, Mitchell F.; Wheeler, Robert A.; Tiesinga, Paul H. E.; Roitman, Jamie D.; Carelli, Regina M. – Learning & Memory, 2010
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a role in hedonic reactivity to taste stimuli. Learning can alter the hedonic valence of a given stimulus, and it remains unclear how the NAc encodes this shift. The present study examined whether the population response of NAc neurons to a taste stimulus is plastic using a conditioned taste aversion (CTA)…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Rewards, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Role
Zucco, Gesualdo M.; Paolini, Michela; Schaal, Benoist – Learning and Motivation, 2009
The pioneering work by Kirk-Smith, Van Toller, and Dodd [Kirk-Smith, M. D., Van Toller, C., & Dodd, G. H. (1983). "Unconscious odour conditioning in human subjects." "Biological Psychology," 17, 221-231], established that an unnoticed odorant paired with an emotionally meaningful task can influence mood and attitudes when the odorant alone is…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Learning Processes, Research Methodology, Experiments
Holland, Peter C. – Learning and Motivation, 2008
In experiments that measured food consumption, Holland (1981; "Learning and Motivation," 12, 1-18) found that food aversions were formed when an exteroceptive associate of food was paired with illness, but not when such an associate was paired with shock. By contrast, measuring the ability of food to reinforce instrumental responding,…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Reinforcement, Food, Diseases
Grant, Douglas S. – Learning and Motivation, 2009
To test the hypothesis that pigeons will only code the more salient sample when samples differ markedly in salience, pigeons were trained with samples consisting of a 2-s presentation of food (highly salient sample) and an 8-s presentation of keylight (less salient sample). During retention testing, pigeons tended to respond at longer delays as if…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Animals, Animal Behavior, Experiments
Williams, Douglas A.; Chubala, Chrissy M.; Mather, Amber A.; Johns, Kenneth W. – Learning and Motivation, 2009
Appetitive contextual excitation supported by intertrial unconditioned stimuli was more easily overcome by timed conditioned responding in rats using quiet (Experiment 1) rather than noisy (Experiment 2) food pellet deliveries. Head-entry responding in acquisition peaked above the contextual baseline when pellet delivery occurred 10, 30, 60, or 90…
Descriptors: Cues, Intervals, Reaction Time, Food
Download full textJenkins, W. O. – 1966
This paper attempts to organize, systematize, elaborate, and elucidate a number of basic principles for behavioral change that have experimental foundation. The two major areas discussed concern procedures and principles for strengthening and weakening behavior. Matters of inducing behavior are considered. Principles for strengthening behavior are…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Behavior Change, Conditioning, Learning Theories
Peer reviewedHekmat, Hamid; Vanian, Daniel – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1971
Results support the hypothesized relationship between meaning and phobia. Semantic desensitization techniques based on counter conditioning of meaning were significantly effective in altering the semantic value of the word from unpleasantness to neutrality. (Author)
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Behavior Change, Behavior Patterns, College Students
Hawkins, Patricia Divine – 1972
The present investigation studied the effectiveness of implicit analogies as advance organizers in children's learning. It was hypothesized that analogies which were structurally isomorphic to the target concept would facilitate learning of the latter even though linkages between components of the two concepts were not overtly specified.…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Concept Formation, Conditioning, Grade 6
Sersen, Eugene A.; and others – Amer J Ment Deficiency, 1970
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Conditioning, Exceptional Child Research, Mental Retardation
McNamara, J. R. – J Sch Psychol, 1968
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Behavior Change, Conditioning, Continuous Progress Plan
SILVERMAN, ROBERT E.; AND OTHERS – 1968
TWO EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO CLASSIFY AND TO CONDITION REWARD RESPONSIVENESS IN KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN. IN THE FIRST EXPERIMENT, 207 CHILDREN WITH A MEDIAN AGE OF 6.0 WERE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THEIR RESPONSIVENESS TO A HIERARCHY OF REWARDS. AFTER TWO SESSIONS INVOLVING TWO-CHOICE INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING TASKS, 60 PERCENT OF THE CHILDREN…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Behavioral Science Research, Comparative Testing, Conditioning
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