According to the National Science Foundation (NSF; 2006), science and engineering jobs constitute a growing sector of the United States economy. The number of science and engineering degrees has lagged behind this occupational growth. In describing Wisconsin's technology profile, Winters, Strang, and Klus (2000) report that the state is nationally…

THIS REPORT OF A SYMPOSIUM PRESENTED AT THE CHICAGO AREA CONVENTION IN FEBRUARY 1966 OUTLINES PROJECT "MODELS", A NOVEL PROGRAM DESIGNED TO "MAXIMIZE OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENTATION OF LEARNING IN THE SCHOOLS." THE INTRODUCTION RELATED THE NEED FOR NEW APPROACHES TO IMPROVING EDUCATION THROUGH RESEARCH TO THE…

GUIDELINES WERE ESTABLISHED TO ASSIST IN THE PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ADEQUATE FACILITIES FOR SHORT-TERM RESEARCH GRANT PROGRAMS. FUNCTIONAL CRITERIA WERRE DEVELOPED FROM THE ANALYSES OF COST STUDIES AND A SURGE SPACE STUDY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. ALTERNATIVES WERE SUGGESTED FOR THE PROVISION, PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS, SITE LOCATION,…

NULL HYPOTHESES WERE TESTED TO DETERMINE THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF (1) EXPERIMENTAL ATMOSPHERE AND ABSENCE OF SAME, (2) NOTICE OF TEST (10 SCHOOL DAYS) AND NO NOTICE (1 SCHOOL DAY), (3) TEACHER ADMINISTRATION AND OUTSIDE ADMINISTRATION OF TESTS, AND (4) TEACHER SCORING AND OUTSIDE SCORING OF TESTS. SIXTH-GRADE CLASSES (N=64), EACH FROM A…

THE EFFECTS OF INSTRUCTIONS, TYPE OF LABEL, TYPE OF CONCEPT, AND SEQUENCE OF CONCEPTS BY TYPE UPON CONCEPT IDENTIFICATION WERE INVESTIGATED IN THIS STUDY. PERFORMANCE WAS ANALYZED IN TERMS OF FOUR TYPES OF TEST ITEMS. INSTRUCTION, FOCUSING ON THE CONCEPT TO BE ATTAINED AND THE CONCEPT NATURE, WAS FOUND TO FACILITATE CONCEPT IDENTIFICATION…

THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO COMPARE THE CONCEPT ATTAINMENT BEHAVIOR EFFECTS OF (1) OPTIMAL AND MINIMAL INSTRUCTION, (2) TWO LEVELS OF MONETARY INCENTIVE, AND (3) HIGH AND LOW COMPETITION. EIGHTY COLLEGE STUDENTS WERE GIVEN TWO CONCEPT ATTAINMENT TASKS. ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE WAS USED TO TEST THE EFFECTS OF INSTRUCTIONS, MONETARY…

PROBLEM-SOLVING THEORIES IN THREE AREAS - TRADITIONAL (STIMULUS-RESPONSE) LEARNING, COGNITIVE-GESTALT APPROACHES, AND COMPUTER AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS - WERE SUMMARIZED. RECENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES (1960-65) ON PROBLEM SOLVING WERE CATEGORIZED ACCORDING TO TYPE OF BEHAVIOR ELICITED BY PARTICULAR PROBLEM-SOLVING TASKS. ANAGRAM,…

THE EFFECTS OF INCENTIVE, SOCIAL CLASS, AND TASK COMPLEXITY ON PERFORMANCE IN A CONCEPT IDENTIFICATION TASK WERE INVESTIGATED. CONCEPT IDENTIFICATION PROBLEMS AT THREE LEVELS OF COMPLEXITY (ONE, TWO, OR THREE BITS OF RELEVANT INFORMATION) UNDER THREE INCENTIVE CONDITIONS (MONETARY INCENTIVE, SYMBOLIC INCENTIVE, OR NO-INCENTIVE CONTROL) WERE…

EXAMPLES OF SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS FROM RESEARCH STUDIES OF LEARNING FROM MEDIA WERE CITED THAT HAVE BEEN IGNORED OR OVERLOOKED BY PRODUCERS OF INSTRUCTIONAL TELEVISION. CAUSES FOR THESE GAPS BETWEEN RESEARCH AND PRACTICE WERE DISCUSSED, AND CERTAIN SOLUTIONS WERE OFFERED IN AN ATTEMPT TO ELIMINATE THE GAPS. THE AUTHOR URGED THAT ALL PRESENTLY…

AN EXPERIMENT WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SUCH VARIABLES AS TYPE OF MATERIAL, NUMBER OF RELEVANT ATTRIBUTES, AND PERFORMANCE OF A PERSON ATTAINING CONCEPTS. CONCEPT ATTAINMENT BOARDS OF THE BRUNER (1956) TYPE WERE USED, AND VARIOUS PARAMETERS CONTAINED IN THE BOARDS WERE MANIPULATED. THE NUMBER OF RELEVANT AND…

VARIATIONS IN THE PROPERTIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL REINFORCEMENT WERE STUDIED UNDER TWO ASPECTS OF TEACHER BEHAVIOR, PUNITIVENESS AND EXPERTISE, TO IDENTIFY TECHNIQUES FOR AFFECTING OPERANT RESPONSE RATE IN A VERBAL CONDITIONING SITUATION. PUNITIVENESS AND EXPERTISE WERE MANIPULATED BY USING PREARRANGED TAPE RECORDINGS OF A SIMULATED SOCIAL STUDIES…

MIDDLE-CLASS, FIRST-GRADE STUDENTS (100) WERE TESTED INDIVIDUALLY ON 4 ITEMS OF CONCEPT OF ADDITION AND CONSERVATION OF NUMBER. THE TEST ITEMS WERE IDENTICAL EXCEPT FOR THE NUMBER OF OBJECTS INVOLVED. FOR EACH ITEM, TWO PILES OF CANDY WERE PLACED BEFORE EACH CHILD AND THEN MOVED TOGETHER. THE STUDY SHOWED NO MAJOR DIFFERENCE IN THE MEAN…

FACTOR ANALYSIS WAS CONDUCTED ON SEVERAL COGNITIVE ABILITIES IN AN EFFORT TO RELATE THESE ABILITIES TO TASKS OF CONCEPT ATTAINMENT AND INFORMATION PROCESSING. THE ABILITIES UNDER CONSIDERATION WERE DESCRIBED AS GENERAL REASONING, VERBAL COMPREHENSION, INDUCTION, DEDUCTION, SPATIAL SCANNING, PERCEPTUAL SPEED, ROTE MEMORY, AND SPAN MEMORY. ABILITY…

THE RELATIONSHIP OF REACTIVE INHIBITION TO TEST PERFORMANCE AND TO ACHIEVEMENT IN READING, SPELLING, AND HANDWRITING WAS STUDIED. IN THIS STUDY, AS IN PREVIOUS WORK DONE BY HALL (1943), REACTIVE INHIBITION IS DEFINED AS THE ACCUMULATION OF A GRADUAL DECREASE IN THE LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE THAT RESULTS FROM THE PERFORMANCE ITSELF. WHEN GIVEN A LOW…

The Departmental Research Center (RCU) of the Wisconsin Board of Vocational, Technical and Adult Education was approved to begin January 3, 1966 and continues operation under a contract and an extension to September 30, 1968. The general objectives of the unit were stimulation, coordination, and dissemination of research in vocational and…