Research has paid less attention to the formalization of education from a systems theory and control perspective, rather than a mere algorithmic one. In this work, the underpinnings of system theory and control are provided, along with a review of their application in education. The review of studies in databases found only seven articles that…

There is currently no universally adopted definition of rural either by government entities or by rural special education researchers. Yet, the replicability, generalizability, transferability, and validity of rural special education research is dependent upon the definition of rural researchers' use to situate their work. Examining the…

Conducting survey research in rural educational contexts presents unique challenges and requires specific methodological considerations. This article provides an overview of potential adaptations that may help support effective, valid, and impactful rural survey research and a brief review of survey research published in "Rural Special…

The paper has three major objectives. The first objective of the paper is to synthesize and define common categories of meta-analysis. The second objective is to propose a way to comprehend these common categories of meta-analysis through learning from their respective generic conceptual frameworks. The third objective is to point out which R…

Introduction: Missing data are bound to occur in education intervention research. Reasons vary but always have the consequence of reducing sample sizes and can, under certain conditions, seriously bias estimated intervention effects. A wide array of methods have been developed for handling missing data (Enders, 2023). Whereas older approaches…

Randomized experiments are a strong design for establishing impact evidence because the random assignment mechanism theoretically allows confidence in attributing group differences to the intervention. Growth of randomized experiments within educational studies has been widely documented. However, randomized experiments within education have…

The peer review process is important for substantiating the quality of research. In this study, we examine the experiences of peer reviewers in agricultural education. The research presented in this article is part of a larger study that also examined the perspectives of researchers about peer review. We used a survey to collect data from a random…

The methodological controversy surrounding ordinal outcome data has posed a distinct challenge to the conceptualization, design, and conduct of research in the social and behavioral sciences for more than 75 years. Accordingly, this study sought to supply a comprehensive and multidisciplinary perspective of the debate and in so doing lay the…

Despite their many benefits, longitudinal studies are much less common than one-time data collection or pre-post intervention designs. One reason for their scarcity is that longitudinal studies introduce requirements and challenges that non-longitudinal studies do not. One of the biggest challenges is participant attrition. In order to help…

Purpose: This paper engages Olaf Zawacki-Richter and Insung Jung in a frank and penetrating conversation that seeks to ground, frame, and problematise research in the field conceptualised as "open, distance and digital education" (ODDE). Taking as starting point the recent publication of the landmark "Handbook of Open, Distance, and…

Introduction: The What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) reviews rigorous research on educational interventions with a goal of identifying "what works" and making that information accessible to educators and policymakers. In rating the quality of causal research, the WWC has historically prioritized internal validity over external validity. One…

Purpose: This paper contends that data generated by research on supervision are often taken as authentic data. Through an examination of studies that use audio/visual recordings to investigate supervision, the paper both promotes and problematises the recording of supervision meetings as a useful technique for doctoral supervision research. This…

Introduction: Concerns about the risk of bias (RoB) of Meta-analysis (MAs) have grown in parallel with the exponential increase in the number of publications in science. However, this has not been properly assessed in Education. The aims were to evaluate the RoB of MAs in Education and to identify potential predictors of a lower RoB. Methods:…

The COVID-19 pandemic caused tremendous upheaval in schooling. In addition to devasting effects on students, these disruptions had consequences for researchers conducting studies on education programs and policies. Given the likelihood of future large-scale disruptions, it is important for researchers to plan resilient studies and think critically…

Research in early childhood settings requires careful consideration of the impact on all children in the setting, whether participants or non-participants, and evolving ethical approaches in response to children's needs. However, flexible approaches and, 'in the moment', ethical adaptations are not routinely reported as part of early childhood…