Many studies have shown the difficulties of learning and teaching the decimal number system for whole numbers. In the case of numbers bigger than one hundred, complexity is partly due to the multitude of possible relationships between units. This study was aimed to develop conditions of a resource which can help teachers to enhance their teaching…

The approach of J. D. Sneed is used to argue for a distinction between theoretical and nontheoretical (or empirical) entities. Attention is directed toward this approach as an important facility for looking at statistics and for constructing a framework for the correct use of statistical theory in information retrieval experiments. (MBR)

This research tested Paivio's (1971) proposal that pictorial and verbal memory codes interact with space and time. This "interaction hypothesis" states that pictorial memory codes are specialized for spatial structures and verbal memory codes are specialized for temporal structures. Tests this hypothesis by exploring several variations…

This guide presents many new experimental designs for data analysis and reviews certain standard procedures. It is hoped that the treatment of the material will stimulate new applications since the emphasis of the guide is on the problems encountered in running experiments rather than on an elaboration of mathematical models. Discussed are:…

Four experiments designed to study attitudes toward United States Presidents are described. The project uses the conceptual framework and methodology of a mathematical theory of information integration to compile information on attitudes and opinion formation based on high school civics and history courses. Results of the research findings of each…