Background: Many different concepts have been invoked in the literature to describe coordination between scientific and policy practices. However, a framework to understand different types of this boundary management is lacking, which allows 'linear' models and 'gap' metaphors to persist. Objectives: To operationalise the multidimensional…

Background: It is widely recognised that policymakers use research deemed relevant, yet little is understood about ways to enhance perceived relevance of research evidence. Observing policymakers' access of research online provides a pragmatic way to investigate predictors of relevance. Aims and objectives: This study investigates a range of…

On September 22, 2022, the National Academy of Sciences held a symposium entitled Endless Frontier 2022: Research and Higher Education Institutions for the Next 75 Years. The event was a follow up to a February 2020 NAS symposium convened to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the landmark report Science, the Endless Frontier. Building on the 2020…

The present day shift toward development and away from basic research is discussed, and a renewed emphasis on the research aspect is urged. (DT)

This study examined the fractional graph area (FGA), the proportion of page space used to display statistical graphics, in 11 behavioral journals and places behavior analysis on a continuum with other natural, mathematical, and social science disciplines. The composite FGA of all 11 journals puts behavior analysis within the range of the social…

Presents an overview of some of the advances in ecosystems analysis which occurred during the involvement of the United States in the International Biological Program. (PB)

Significant discoveries and developments regarding oxygen and organic compounds are recounted to show that research in this specific area is worthwhile and relevant and to point out that research in other areas of organic chemistry deserves continued encouragement as well. (DT)

Two projects concerning the relationship between management capability and communication activities are described; both are considered interdisciplinary projects. Involved were researchers and practitioners from engineering and natural science fields as well as those from the social and managerial sciences. The objectives of the research were to:…

Research is controlled by variables (subject matter, personality of researcher, current interests, institutional setting, time period in the history of the discipline and of the world) which in turn generate a research style.'' The results of various forms of research are discussed here. (JB)

The Gordon Research Conferences were established to stimulate research in universities, research foundations, and industrial laboratories. The topics for the conferences are listed as well as the locations and scheduled presentations at each conference. (CS)

Reported are data regarding spending in the United States for 1977 and comparisons with past years. R&D spending is expected to reach $40.8 billion in 1977, 9% above the level of 1976. Basic research spending is expected to reach $5.2 billion in 1977, an increase of 8% over 1976. Applied research is expected to increase by 8.5% over 1976.…

This volume presents 34 autobiographical chapters from past issues of "Annual Reviews." These essays have been written by scientists active in all areas of research. Some examples are the following: "Musings of an Erstwhile Plant Pathologist" by F.C. Bawden, "Some Personal History and Reflections from the Life of a Biochemist" by John T. Edsall,…

SCOPE is an international group that studies the effects of human activities on the environment and serves as a source of advice on environmental problems. Presently, SCOPE is involved with seven major projects that include biogeochemical cycles, ecotoxicology, and environmental monitoring. The structure and components of SCOPE are also discussed.…

This report presents data on Federal Research and Development (R&D) funding levels by overall totals and by selected subcategories. The data cover all Federal agencies that sponsor R&D programs. Data for 1977 and 1976 are estimated since programs are subject to later appropriations, apportionment, and reprogramming. Earlier years reflect completed…

The data presented in this report come from the Bureau of the Census in the annual Survey of Industrial Research and Development. Information includes: (1) R&D expenditures by U.S. firms rose 12% between 1977 and 1978 to a total of $33.4 billion; (2) the increases in U.S. industrial R&D activity reflected in R&D funding were confirmed in…