Describes the human and socioeconomic aspects of political refugee problems before and after World War II. Explains factors that caused flows of forced migration throughout the world. (Author/MK)

Overviews the problems surrounding the arrival of new waves of non-Western refugees to the countries of Western Europe. (MK)

Since World War II, Australia has been a major country of refugee settlement. This article traces its immigrant policy and resulting population from its interest in encouraging immigration for its own population growth and development to its current commitment to help refugees and Special Humanitarian Program (SHP) cases. (ETS)

Reviews the evolution of the Second International Conference on Assistance to Refugees in Africa, which advanced discussions on the connection between refugees and the development process. Discusses potential roles of the World Bank and the World Food Program in providing technical assistance to refugee-related development projects. (Author/GC)

This volume on immigration policy takes a serious look at state sovereignty, arguing that there is a growing convergence in the opinions of advanced industrialized countries about policy issues. It further argues that there is a growing gap between national immigration policy goals and outcomes for these nations. (SLD)

Examined the influence of birth place on the internal migration and spatial redistribution patterns of foreign-born and native-born populations in the United States for 1975 to 1980 and 1985 to 1990. Differing patterns and networks established by immigrant cohorts have resulted in higher concentrations of the foreign-born compared to the…

Examines how Vietnamese refugees use the American legal system to address grievances arising during resettlement and how resettlement affects the pace of their legal adaptation. Data from state and federal civil cases involving Vietnamese litigants indicate that several aspects of Vietnamese litigation match their resettlement process, such as…

Presents a model explaining how refugee communities help their members accept the downward occupational mobility usually associated with refugee resettlement. Describes how refugees shape an image of themselves consistent with the occupational role, while shaping an image of the role consistent with their self-image. (Author MK)

The influx of lower class Cuban emigres during the 1980 Mariel Boatlift complicates the success story image of previous waves of Cuban exiles. Argues that place of incorporation should be a necessary ingredient in illuminating diverse adjustment experiences among immigrants and refugees to the United States. Concludes by discussing the Cuban…

There are only three durable solutions to the refugee problem--voluntary repatriation, local settlement, and third-country resettlement--and all depend on political will, diplomacy, and statesmanship. It is important to remember, however, that humanitarian concerns must outweigh costs consciousness when durable solutions are sought. (Author/GC)

Discussions about the ethics of migration require both a realistic approach that focuses on what is possible given the existing realities and an idealistic approach that requires policymakers to assess current reality in light of the nation's highest ideals. Migration issues require a full range of perspectives. (SLD)

In different ways, J. Carens and M. Weiner have overlooked important ethical issues raised by the human migration phenomenon. Weiner avoids moral issues in his conceptualization of alien admissions, and Carens focuses too intensely on the issue of whether national borders can be justified or not. (SLD)

Data from the 1990 U.S. Census on the effect of admission criteria on immigrant earnings profiles found that nonoccupation-based immigration, usually family-based, was associated with lower entry earnings but higher earnings growth than occupation-based immigration. Earnings became nearly equal after 11 to 18 years. (SLD)

Examines the relationship between mobility and fertility among women in a low income urban neighborhood, comparing recent movers with long-term residents in one neighborhood in Bronx, New York with a view toward clarifying the relationship between fertility and intra-urban migration or mobility; movers are found to have lower fertility than…

This paper provides a detailed description of the pattern of occupational adjustment of the Vietnamese refugees to the United States and compares their experiences with other recent refugee and immigrant groups. (Author)